Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-mkpzs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T06:16:39.307Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The influence of winter nutritional depressions on the growth, reproduction and production of cattle

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 March 2009

D. M. Joubert
D. M. Joubert
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Husbandry, University of Pretoria
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

1. During the period May 1948 to May 1952, a study was made of the influence of seasonal fluctuations in the nutritive value of the natural pastures in the Bankenveld region of the Transvaal, on the growth, reproduction and production of cattle. The paired method of investigation was adopted, each heifer maintained on grazing alone having a related counterpart of the same age which received supplementary feeding during the winter months. The former treatment was termed ‘Low plane’, and the latter referred to as the ‘High plane’. Four breeds were included in the investigation, viz. Friesians and Jerseys, and Shorthorns and Afrikaners, thus representative of both dairy and beef types. The latter breed also represented the stock indigenous to South Africa. Initially five pairs per breed were studied, but deaths and other causes depleted the numbers to twenty-eight head after 4 years of investigation.

2. Since the investigation formed part of a series of studies which have been in progress at the University of Pretoria and Agricultural Research Institute during the past two decades, the results of which hitherto remained unpublished, a review is provided in the early chapters. To furnish some indication of the natural conditions ruling in the Bankenveld region, the agro-ecological background is discussed, particular attention being paid to physical and nutritional factors. It is shown that for at least 6 months of the year the climate tends to be subtropical, whilst the results of digestion trials on pasture samples, indicated serious nutritional depressions in the natural grazing during winter.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 44 , Issue 1 , February 1954 , pp. 5 - 66
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1954

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Adamson, R. S. (1938). The Vegetation of South Africa. Brit. Emp. Veg. Comm.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Armsby, H. P. (1917). The Nutrition of Farm Animals. London: Macmillan.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Asdell, S. A. (1946). Patterns of Mammalian Reproduction. London: Comstock.Google Scholar
Bonnier, G., Hansson, A. & Skjervold, H. (1948). Acta agric. suec. 3, 1.Google Scholar
Bonsma, F. N. (1931). Unpublished Progress Report.Google Scholar
Bonsma, F. N. (1939). Univ. Pretoria Publ. Ser. 1, no. 48.Google Scholar
Bonsma, F. N. (1944). Bull. Dep. Agric. S. Afr. no. 251.Google Scholar
Bonsma, F. N. (1951). Livestock Production. (In Africa South of the Sahara, Oxford.)Google Scholar
Bonsma, F. N. & Bisschop, J. H. R. (1949). Comm. No. C(k)l, Afr. Reg. Sci. Conf.Google Scholar
Bonsma, F. N. & Joubert, D. M. (1952 a). Bull. Dep. Agric. S. Afr. no. 322.Google Scholar
Bonsma, F. N. & Joubert, D. M. (1952 b). Factors influencing the regionalization of livestock production in South Africa. (In Preparation.)Google Scholar
Bonsma, F. N. & Joubert, P. J. (1934). S. Afr. J. Sci. 31, 347.Google Scholar
Bonsma, F. N. & Oosthuizen, P. M. (1935). S. Afr. J. Sci. 32, 360.Google Scholar
Bonsma, F. N. & Starke, J. S. (1934). S. Afr. J. Sci. 31, 371.Google Scholar
Bonsma, J. C. (1951). Fmg in S. Afr. 26, 58.Google Scholar
Bonsma, J. C. & Neser, F. W. C. (1951). Fmg in S. Afr. 26, 365.Google Scholar
Bonsma, J. C., Scholtz, G. D. J. & Badenhorst, F. J. G. (1940). Fmg in S. Afr. 15, 7.Google Scholar
Brody, S. (1927). Res. Bull. Mo. Agric. Exp. Sta. no. 103.Google Scholar
Brody, S. (1928). Res. Bull. Mo. Agric. Exp. Sta. no. 116.Google Scholar
Brody, S. (1945). Bioenergetics and Growth. New York: Reinhold.Google Scholar
Craig, J. F. (1930). Fleming's Veterinary Obstetrics, 4th. ed.London: Bailliere, Tindall and Cox.Google Scholar
De Lange, M. (1950). Onderstepoort J. Vet. Sci. 24, 125.Google Scholar
Du Toit, P. J. & Bisschop, J. H. R. (1929). 15th Ann. Rep. Dir. Vet. Ser. Union S. Afr. p. 1059.Google Scholar
Du Toit, P. J., Louw, J. G. & Malan, A. I. (1940). Onderstepoort J. Vet. Sci. 14, 123.Google Scholar
Eckles, C. H. (1912). Bull. Mo. Agric. Exp. Sta. no. 100.Google Scholar
Eckles, C. H. (1913). Res. Bull. Mo. Agric. Exp. Sta. no. 7.Google Scholar
Eckles, C. H. (1916). Res. Bull. Mo. Agric. Exp. Sta. no. 26.Google Scholar
Eckles, C. H. (1919). Res. Bull. Mo. Agric. Exp. Sta. no. 35Google Scholar
Eckles, C. H. (1946). Dairy Cattle and Milk Production. 3rd. Ed.London: Macmillan.Google Scholar
Eckles, C. H. & Swett, W. W. (1918). Res. Bull. Mo. Agric. Exp. Sta. no. 31.Google Scholar
Espe, D. L., Cannon, C. Y. & Hansen, E. N. (1932). Res. Bull. Ia Agric. Exp. Sta. no. 154.Google Scholar
Fisher, R. A. (1934). Statistical Methods for Research Workers, 5th ed.London: Oliver and Boyd.Google Scholar
Griswold, D. J., Trowbridge, P. F., Hogan, A. G. & Haigh, L. D. (1928). Res. Bull. Mo. Agric. Exp. Sta. no. 114.Google Scholar
Hammond, J. (1927). The Physiology of Reproduction in the Cow. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Hammond, J. (1932). Growth and Development of Mutton Qualities in the Sheep. London: Oliver and Boyd.Google Scholar
Hammond, J. (1937). Sch. Sci. Rev. 72, 548.Google Scholar
Henseler, H. (1914). KühnArch. 5, 207.Google Scholar
Hofmeyr, J. H. (1951). M.Sc. (Agric). Thesis, Univ. Pretoria.Google Scholar
Joubert, D. M. (1951). Fmg in S. Afr. 26, 339.Google Scholar
Landrey, J. S. A. (1950). B.Sc. (Agric.) Thesis, Univ. Pretoria.Google Scholar
Lush, J. L., Jones, J. M., Dameron, W. H. & Carpenter, O. L. (1930). Res. Bull. Tex. Agric. Exp. Sta. no. 409.Google Scholar
Maynard, L. A. (1947). Animal Nutrition, 2nd ed.New York: McGraw-Hill.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McKenzie, F. F. (1928). Res. Bull. Mo. Agric. Exp. Sta. no. 118.Google Scholar
McMeekan, C. P. (1938). Amer. Soc. Anim. Prod. 21, 337.Google Scholar
McMeekan, C. P. (1940). J. Agric. Sci. 30, 276, 387, 511.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McMeekan, C. P. (1941). J. Agric. Sci. 31, 1.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miller, K. F., Hart, G. H. & Cole, H. H. (1942). Bull. Calif. Agric. Exp. Sta. no. 672.Google Scholar
Morrison, F. B. (1947). Feeds and Feeding, 20th ed.Ithaca, New York: Morrison.Google Scholar
Moseley, T. W., Stuart, D. & Graves, R. E. (1929). Tech. Bull. U.S. Dep. Agric. 116.Google Scholar
Mumford, F. B. (1928). Res. Bull. Mo. Agric. Exp. Sta. no. 118.Google Scholar
Murray, C. A., Romyn, A. E., Haylett, D. G. & Erichsen, F. (1936). Bull. Min. Agric. S. Rhod. no. 989.Google Scholar
Palsson, H. & Verges, J. B. (1952). J. Agric. Sci. 42, 1.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pole Evans, I. B. (1936). Bot. Surv. S. Afr. Mem. no. 15.Google Scholar
Quinlan, J., Roux, L. L. & van Aswegen, W. G. (1939). Onderstepoort J. Vet. Sci. 12, 233.Google Scholar
Raath, J. C. (1941). M.Sc. (Agric.) Thesis, Univ. Pretoria.Google Scholar
Ragsdale, A. C. (1934). Res. Bull. Mo. Agric. Exp. Sta. no. 336.Google Scholar
Ragsdale, A. C. & Brody, S. (1935). Res. Bull. Mo. Agric. Exp. Sta. no. 354.Google Scholar
Schulze, B. R. (1947). S. Afr. Geog. J. 29, 04.Google Scholar
Schutte, D. J. (1935). Onderstepoort J. Vet. Sci. 5, 535.Google Scholar
Seath, D. M. & Miller, G. D. (1947). J. Anim. Sci. 6, 24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Slonacker, J. R. (1927). Amer. J. Physiol. 82, 318.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Starke, J. S. (1936). M.Sc. (Agric.) Thesis, Univ. Pretoria.Google Scholar
Starke, J. S. (1951). D.Sc. (Agric.) Thesis Univ. Pretoria.Google Scholar
Theiler, A., Green, H. H. & Du Toit, P. J. (1924). J. Dep. Agric. Union S. Afr. 8, 460.Google Scholar
Trowbridge, P. F., Moulton, C. R. & Haigh, L. D. (1918). Res. Bull. Mo. Agric. Exp. Sta. no. 28.Google Scholar
Trowbridge, P. F., Moulton, C. R. & Haigh, L. D. (1919). Res. Bull. Mo. Agric. Exp. Sta. no. 30.Google Scholar
Turner, C. W. (1923). J. Dairy Sci. 7, 198.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Turner, C. W. (1924). J. Dairy Sci. 7, 535.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Turner, C. W., Ragsdale, A. C. & Brody, S. (1923). J. Dairy Sci. 6, 527.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van der Merwe, C. R. (1941). Bull. Dep. Agric. Union S. Afr. no. 231.Google Scholar
Wallace, L. R. (1948). J. Agric. Sci. 38, 93, 243.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walton, A. & Hammond, J. (1938). Proc. Roy. Soc. B, 125, 311.Google Scholar
Watees, H. J. (1908). Proc. Soc. Prom. Agric. Sci. 29th Ann. Meeting, p. 78.Google Scholar
Waters, H. J. (1909). Proc. Soc. Prom. Agric. Sci. 30th Ann. Meeting, p. 70.Google Scholar
Weaver, E. & Matthews, C. A. (1928). Res. Bull. Ia Agric. Exp. Sta. no. 107.Google Scholar
Wellington, J. H. (1946). S. Afr. Geog. J. 28, 04.Google Scholar
Williams, W. L. (1943). The Diseases of the Genital Organs of Domestic Animals. Ithaca, New York.Google Scholar
Winters, L. M., Green, W. W. & Comstock, R. E. (1942). Tech. Bull. Univ. Minn. Agric. Exp. Sta. no. 151.Google Scholar