Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-j824f Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-03T05:08:45.375Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effect of rumen protozoa on dietary lipid in sheep

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 March 2009

M. A. Abaza ,
A. R. Abou Akkada  and
K. El-Shazly
M. A. Abaza
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
A. R. Abou Akkada
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
K. El-Shazly
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

Washed suspensions of mixed rumen protozoa readily hydrogenated fatty acids in cottonseed, soya bean and corn oils in addition to free oleic and linoleic acids. Protozoa belonging to the family Ophryoscolecidae appeared to account for almost all the activity of mixed protozoa, protozoa of the family Isotrichidae possessing little or no ability to hydrogenate the added substrates. The hydrogenation of oleic acid was markedly increased by Fe and Mn. The addition of starch cellulose, urea and sodium formate greatly stimulated hydrogenation of oleic acid by rumen protozoa. Glucose, casein, ammonium sulphate, L-cysteine and n-valeric acid had no or little effect on extent of hydrogenation.

When suspensions of mixed protozoa were incubated in a buffer solution, an increase in iodine value was observed. The desaturation in the protozoal cells was appreciably increased by DL-methionine and was not influenced by L-cysteine. No desaturation activity by the pure suspensions of Ophryoscolecidae or Isotrichidae was observed.

The presence of protozoa in the rumen of sheep greatly increased the levels of saturated fatty acids over those in the ciliate-free animals. The concentrations of saturated fatty acids in the plasma of faunated sheep were significantly higher than those in the same animals after the removal of rumen ciliate protozoa.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 85 , Issue 1 , August 1975 , pp. 135 - 143
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1975

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Abou Akkada, A. R. (1965). The metabolism of ciliate protozoa in relation to rumen function. In Physiology of Digestion in Ruminants. Washington, D.C.: Butterworth Inc.Google Scholar
Abou Akkada, A. R., Bartley, E. E., Berube, R., Fina, L. R., Meyer, R. M., Henricks, D. & Julius, (1968). Simple method to remove completely ciliate protozoa of adult ruminants. Applied Microbiology 16, 1475–7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Abou Akkada, A. R., Bartely, E. E. & Fina, L. R. (1969). Ciliate protozoa in the rumen of the lactating cow. Journal of Dairy Science 52, 1088–91.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Abou Akkada, A. R., Eadie, J. H. & Howard, B. H. (1963). The biochemistry of rumen protozoa. 7. The carbohydrases of Polyplastron multivesiculatum (Dogiel and Fedorowa). Biochemical Journal 89, 268–72.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Abou Akkada, A. R. & El-Shazly, K. (1964). Effect of absence of ciliate protozoa from the rumen on microbial activity and growth of lambs. Applied Microbiology 12, 384–90.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Abou Akkada, A. R. & Howard, B. H. (1960). The biochemistry of rumen protozoa. 3. The carbohydrate metabolism of Entodinium. Biochemical Journal 67, 445–51.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Abou Akkada, A. R. & Howard, B. H. (1961). The biochemistry of rumen protozoa. 4. Decomposition of pectic substances. Biochemical Journal 78, 512–17.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chalupa, W. & Kutcehs, A. J. (1968). Biohydrogenation of Linoleic 1-C14 acid by rumen protozoa. Journal of Animal Science 27, 1502–8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Christiansen, W. C, Kawashima, R. & Burroughs, W. (1965). Influence of protozoa upon rumen acid production and live weight gains in lambs. Journal of Animal Science 24, 730–4.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dawson, R. M. C. & Kamp, P. (1970). Biohydrogenation of Dietary fats in ruminants. In Physiology of Digestion and Metabolism in the Ruminant. Newcastle: Oriel Press Ltd.Google Scholar
Doetsch, R. N., Robinson, R. Q., Brown, R. E. & Shaw, J. C. (1953). Catabolic reactions of mixed suspensions of bovine rumen bacteria. Journal of Dairy Science 36, 825–31.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
El-Fouly, H. A., Abou Akkada, A. R., Kamal, T. H.Abou Raya, A. K. & Raafat, M. A. (1971). The role of mixed rumen protozoa in urea utilization as assessed by S35 and C14. 4th Conference of Animal Production 1971, Egypt, Alexandria.Google Scholar
Garton, G. A., Lough, A. K. & Viouqe, E. (1961). Glyceride hydrolysis and glycerol fermentation by sheep rumen contents. Journal of General Microbiology 25, 215–25.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gutierrez, J., Williams, P. P., Davis, R. E. & Warwich, E. J. (1962). Lipid metabolism of rumen ciliates and bacteria. 1. Uptake of fatty acids by Isotricha prostoma and Entodinium simplex. Applied Microbiology 10, 548–54.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hanus, (1960). Iodine absorption number. Official methods of analysis of Association of Official Agricultural Chemists (A.O.A.C.) 1960, 9th edn.Washington 4, D.C.Google Scholar
Hubbell, G. H. (1966). Feeder's Analysis Table for Feed Ingredients. Minneapolis: Miller Publishing Co.Google Scholar
Keeney, M. (1970). Lipid metabolism in the rumen. In Physiology of Digestion and Metabolism in the Ruminant. Newcastle: Oriel Press Ltd.Google Scholar
Klopfenstein, T. J., Purser, D. B. & Tyznik, W. J. (1966). Effects of defaunation on feed digestibility, rumen metabolism and blood metabolism. Journal of Animal Science 25, 765–73.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lough, A. K. (1968). Component fatty acid of plasma lipid of lambs with and without ciliate protozoa. Proceedings of Nutrition Society 27, 30A.Google Scholar
Patton, S., McCarthy, R. D. & Griel, Jun., , L. C. (1970). Lipid synthesis by rumen microorganisms. II. Further characterization of the effect of methionine. Journal of Dairy Science 53, 460–5.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Polan, C. E., McNeil, J. J. & Tovo, S. B. (1965). Biohydrogenation of unsaturated fatty acids by rumen bacteria. Journal of Bacteriology 88, 1056–64.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sklan, D., Volcani, R. & Budoski, P. (1971). Formation of octadecaenoic acid by rumen liquor of calves, cows and sheep in vivo. Journal of Dairy Science 54, 515–19.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Viviani, R. (1970). Metabolism of long chain fatty acid in the rumen. Advances in Lipid Research 8, 267–346.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Williams, P. P., Gutierrez, J. & Davis, R. E. (1963). Lipid metabolism of rumen ciliates and bacteria. II. Uptake of fatty acids and lipid analysis of Isotricha intestinalis and rumen bacteria with further information on Entodinium simplex. Applied Microbiology 11, 260–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wright, D. E. (1959). Hydrogenation of lipids by rumen protozoa. Nature, London 184, 875.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Youder, R. D., Trenkle, A. & Burroughs, W. (1966). Influence of rumen protozoa and bacteria upon cellulose digestion in vitro. Journal of Animal Science 25, 609–12.CrossRefGoogle Scholar