Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-hc48f Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-25T18:36:20.455Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The effect of NaCl or NaHCO3 on digestion in the stomach of weaned calves

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 March 2009

R. C. Kellaway ,
D. E. Beever ,
D. J. Thomson ,
A. R. Austin ,
S. B. Cammell  and
Marian L. Elderfield
R. C. Kellaway
Affiliation:
The Grassland Research Institute, Hurley, Maidenhead, Berks. U.K. SL6 5LR
D. E. Beever
Affiliation:
The Grassland Research Institute, Hurley, Maidenhead, Berks. U.K. SL6 5LR
D. J. Thomson
Affiliation:
The Grassland Research Institute, Hurley, Maidenhead, Berks. U.K. SL6 5LR
A. R. Austin
Affiliation:
The Grassland Research Institute, Hurley, Maidenhead, Berks. U.K. SL6 5LR
S. B. Cammell
Affiliation:
The Grassland Research Institute, Hurley, Maidenhead, Berks. U.K. SL6 5LR
Marian L. Elderfield
Affiliation:
The Grassland Research Institute, Hurley, Maidenhead, Berks. U.K. SL6 5LR
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

The response to dietary inclusion of NaCl or NaHC03 at 42 and 60 g/kg (18 g Na/kg) respectively was examined in relation to rumen fermentation and the flow of nutrients to the duodenum of calves.

Measurements were made with four calves on each diet at 8 and 11 weeks of age: weaning having taken place at 5 weeks of age.

Osmotic pressure, pH, total VFA concentration and molar proportions of VFA were not significantly affected by the treatments imposed. Rumen dilution rate was increased by 28% on the NaHCO3 diet compared with the other two diets but this difference failed to achieve statistical significance. Mean duodenal flows of organic matter, modified acid detergent fibre and total amino acids were 0·52, 0·72 and 1·25 of the respective dietary intakes and were not significantly affected by the treatments imposed. NaHCO3, however, significantly increased the supply of α-linked glucose polymer to the small intestine (15% of dietary intake) compared with the control (4%) and NaCl (6%) diets. The results demonstrated that NaCl and NaHCO3 had small effects upon the digestion within the rumen of young calves with specific reference to flow of nutrients to the proximal duodenum. It is suggested that the stimulatory effect of NaHC03 on food intake and performance of calves may be attributable to an increase in rumen buffering capacity, and some indication of an increase in the fractional outflow rate of water and possibly particulate matter from the rumen.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 91 , Issue 2 , October 1978 , pp. 497 - 503
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1978

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Beever, D. E., Kellaway, R. C., Thomson, D. J., Macrae, J. C., Evans, C. C. & Wallace, A. S. (1978). A comparison, of two non radioactive digesta marker systems for the measurement of nutrient flow at the proximal duodenum of calves. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 90, 157–163.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Binnerts, W. T., Van't Kloostee, A. Th. & Frens, A. M. (1968). Soluble chromium indicator measured by atomic absorption in digestion experiments. The Veterinary Record 82, 470.Google Scholar
Christian, K. R. & Coup, M. R. (1954). Measurement of feed intake by grazing cattle and sheep. VI. The determination of chromic oxide in faeces. New Zealand Journal of Science and Technology A36, 328–330.Google Scholar
Clancey, M. J. & Wilson, R. K. (1966). Development and application of a new chemical method for predicting the digestibility and intake of herbage samples. In Proceedings of 10th International Grassland Congress, Helsinki, 1966, pp. 445–453.Google Scholar
Faichney, G. J. (1975). The use of markers to partition digestion within the gastro-intestinal tract of ruminants. In Digestion and Metabolism in the Ruminant (eds. McDonald, I. W. & Warner, A. C. I.), pp. 277–291. Armidale, N.S.W.: University of New England.Google Scholar
Harrison, D. G. (1974). A simple method for the determination of rumen dilution rate in sheep. Newsletter on the Application of Nuclear Methods to Biology and Agriculture, No. 3, 8–9.Google Scholar
Harrison, D. G., Beever, D. E., Thomson, D. J. & Osbourn, D. F. (1973). The influence of diet upon the quantity and types of amino acids entering and leaving the small intestine of sheep. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 81, 391–401.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harrison, D. G., Beever, D. E., Thomson, D. J. & Osbourn, D. F. (1975). Manipulation of rumen fermentation in sheep by increasing the rate of flow of water from the rumen. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 85, 93–101.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harrison, D. G., Beever, D. E., Thomson, D. J. & Osbourn, D. F. (1976). Manipulation of fermentation in the rumen. journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 27, 617–620.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hemsley, J. A., Hogan, J. P. & Weston, R. H. (1975). Effect of high intakes of Sodium Chloride on the utilization of a protein concentrate by sheep. II. Digestion and absorption of organic matter and electrolytes. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 26, 715–727.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jarrett, I. G. & Filsell, O. H. (1961). An effect of glucose on acetate metabolism in sheep. Nature 190, 1114.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kellaway, R. C., Grant, T. & Chudleigh, J. W. (1973). The effect of roughage and buffers in the diet of early weaned calves. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture and Animal Husbandry 13, 225–228.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kellaway, R. C., Grant, T. & Hargreave, G. T. (1976). Effects of buffer salts on feed intake, growth rate, rumen pH and acid-base balance in calves. Proceedings of the Australian Society of Animal Production 11, 273–276.Google Scholar
Kellaway, R. C., Thomson, D. J., Beever, D. E. & Osbourn, D. F. (1977). Effects of NaCl and NaHCO3 on food intake, growth rate and acid-base balance in calves. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 86, 1–9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lindsay, D. B. (1970). Carbohydrate metabolism in the Ruminant. In Physiology of Digestion and Metabolism in the Ruminant (ed. Phillipson, A. T.), pp. 438–452. Newcastle-upon-Tyne: Oriel.Google Scholar
Macrae, J. C. & Armstrong, D. G. (1968). Enzymic method for the determination of α-linked glucose polymers in biological material. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 19, 578–581.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Macrae, J. C. & Evans, C. C. (1974). The use of inert ruthenium-phenanthroline as a digesta particulate marker in sheep. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 33, 10A.Google ScholarPubMed
Macrae, J. C. & Wilson, S. (1977). The effects of various forms of gastro-intestinal cannulation on digestive measurements in sheep. British Journal of Nutrition 38, 65–71.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Osbourn, D. F., Terry, R. A., Cammell, S. B. & Outen, G. E. (1970). Some effects of feeding supplements of maize meal and sodium bicarbonate upon the digestion of forage cellulose by sheep. Proceedings of Nutrition Society 29, 12A–13A.Google ScholarPubMed
Potter, B. J., Walker, D. J. & Forrest, W. W. (1972). Changes in intra-ruminal function of sheep when drinking saline water. British Journal of Nutrition 27 75–83.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tan, N. H.Weston, R. H. & Hogan, J. P. (1971). Use of 103Ru-labelled (tris,1,10-phenanthroline) ruthenium (II) chloride as a marker in digestion studies with sheep. International Journal of Applied Radiation and Isotopes 22, 301–308.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Terry, R. A. & Outen, G. E. (1973). The determination of cell wall constituents in barley and maize. Chemistry and Industry 23, 1116–1117.Google Scholar
Thomson, D. J., Beever, D. E., Latham, M. J., Sharpe, M. E. & Terry, R. A. (1978). The effect of inclusion of mineral salts in the diet on dilution rate, the pattern of rumen fermentation and the composition of the microflora. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 91, 1–7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tomas, F. M. & Potter, B. J. (1975). Influence of saline drinking water on the flow and mineral composition of saliva and rumen fluid of sheep. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 26, 585–598.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Warner, A. C. I. & Stacy, B. D. (1968). The fate of water in the rumen. I. A critical appraisal of the use of soluble markers. British Journal of Nutrition 22, 369–387.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weston, R. H. (1966). The effect of level of feeding on acetate tolerance in the sheep. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 17, 933–937.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilson, A. D. & Tribe, D. E. (1963). The effect of diet on the secretion of parotid saliva by sheep. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 14, 670–679.CrossRefGoogle Scholar