Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-fscjk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T07:06:12.136Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Menelik and the Foundation of Addis Ababa

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 January 2009

Richard Pankhurst
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

Addis Ababa, today the most populous city on the eastern side of Africa between Cairo and Johannesburg, was founded by the Emperor Menelik II in the last quarter of the nineteenth century. The event, which was important in modern Ethiopian history as a landmark in the reorganization and modernization of the State, is not without interest in the wider perspective of the African continent where it provides a unique example of rapid urban growth in an area not under European control. Whereas in such areas the capital was the result of an attempt to create a European type of city in a colonial environment, Addis Ababa represented an attempt by an African ruler to forge something new in his country's history by grafting modern institutions on a traditional living organism.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Journal of African History , Volume 2 , Issue 1 , January 1961 , pp. 103 - 117
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1961

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1 Historiale Description de l'Ethiopie, 1558, 25.Google Scholar

2 Alvarez, F., Narrative of the Portuguese Embassy to Abyssinia during the years 1520–1527, 1881, 217–18.Google Scholar

3 Beckingham, C. F. and Huntingford, G. W. B., Some Records of Ethiopia, 1593–1646, 1954, 82–83.Google Scholar

4 Conzelman, W. E., Chronique de Galawdewos (Claudius), roi d'Ethiopie, 1895, 149–50.Google Scholar

5 Perruchon, J., Le Régne de Fasilidas, Revue Sémitique, 1897–1898, passim.Google Scholar

6 Bruce, J., Travels to Discover the Source of the Nile in the years 1768–1773, 1790, 111, 380.Google Scholar

7 Lefebvre, T., Petit, A., Quartin-Dillon, and Vignaud, , Voyage en Abyssinie exécutd pendant let années 1839, 1840, 1841, 1842 et 1843, 1845–1946, II, 240.Google Scholar

8 Sellassie, Guebre, Chronique du Régne de Menelik II, 1930–1932, 11, 162–3, 171 et passim.Google Scholar

9 Bianchi, G., Alla Terra dei Galla, 1884, 228;Google Scholarde Castro, L., Nella Terra dei Negus, 1915, 1, 328;Google ScholarSellassie, Guebr, op. cit. I, 171 n.Google Scholar

10 Vivian, H., Abyssinia, 1901, 173–4.Google Scholar

11 Keller, C., Alfred Ilg, 1918, 39.Google Scholar

12 Sellassie, Guebre, op. cit. I, 72–73, 209–10; Soleillet P., Voyages en Ethiopie, 1886, 304.Google Scholar

13 Sellassie, Guebre, op. cit. I, 211 and n.Google Scholar

14 Borelli, J., Ethiopie méridionale, n.d., 100–1.Google Scholar

15 Michel, C., Mission de Bonchamps, 1900, 105.Google Scholar

16 Sellassie, Guebre, op. cit. I, 232n.Google Scholar

17 Ibid.. 230, 232–3.

18 Ibid.. 241, 249.

19 Borelli, op. cit. 155, 280, 257–62 et passim.Google Scholar

20 Mérab, (Docteur), Impressions d'Ethiopie, 1921–1929, 11, 119–20.Google Scholar

21 Rossetti, C., Storia Diplomatica dell'Etiopia, 1910, passim.Google Scholar

22 Le, Roux H., Ménéllik et nous, 1902, 79, 223.Google Scholar

23 Sellassie, Guebre, op. cit. I, 341.Google Scholar

24 Keller, op. cit. 41–42;Google Scholarde Castro, , op. cit. I, 162.Google Scholar

25 Sellassie, Guebre, op. cit. I, 341–2.Google Scholar

26 Gleichen (Count), With the Mission to Menelik, 1897, 248–9;Google ScholarSellassie, Guebre, op. cit. II, 465–6.Google Scholar

27 Wylde, A. B., Modern Abyssinia, 1901, 417.Google Scholar

28 Vivian, op. cit. 175–6.Google Scholar

29 Berkeley, G. F-H., The Campaign of Adowa and the Rise of Menelik, 1902, 346;Google ScholarWylde, op. cit. 397, 400, 402–3.Google Scholar

30 Ibid.. 405.

31 Starkie, E., Arthur Rimbaud in Abyssinia, passim;Google ScholarMichel, op. cit. 522;Google ScholarPowell-Cotton, P. H. G., A Sporting Trip through Abyssinia, 1902, 112.Google Scholar

32 Michel, op. cit. 523–4;Google ScholarPowell-Cotton, op. cit. 118;Google ScholarVivian, op. cit. 578–9.Google Scholar

33 Vivian, op. cit. 137.Google Scholar

34 Le Roux, op. cit. 272.Google Scholar

35 Hohler, T., Diplomatic Petrel, 1942, 124.Google Scholar

36 Vivian, op. cit. 173–4.Google Scholar

37 Rodd, R., Social and Diplomatic Memoirs, 11, 148–9.Google Scholar

38 Wylde, op. cit. 423.Google Scholar

39 Sellassie, Guebre, op. cit. II, 486.Google Scholar

40 De Castro, op. cit. I, 243.Google Scholar

41 Ibid.. I, 243.

42 Mérab, op. cit. II, 207.Google Scholar

43 De Castro, I, 870.Google Scholar

44 Sellassie, Guebre, op. cit. II, 486, 496;Google ScholarDe Castro, op. cit. I, 244.Google Scholar

45 Sellassie, Guebre, op. cit. II, 499.Google Scholar

46 De Castro, op. cit. I, 171–2, 177, 225.Google Scholar

47 Mérab, op. cit. I, 241 II, 195.Google Scholar

48 Ibid.. II, 178.

49 Hohler, op. cit. 124.Google Scholar

50 Wylde, op. cit. 416;Google ScholarMérab, op. cit. II, 177–8.Google Scholar

51 Sellassie, Guebre, II, 526–7 and n.Google Scholar

52 Wylde, op. cit. 413–14.Google Scholar

53 Pankhurst, R. K. P., An Introduction to the Economic History of Ethiopia, 1961, passim.Google Scholar

54 Sellassie, Guebre, I, 209, 301–2, 359.Google Scholar

55 Wylde, op. cit. 494.Google Scholar

56 Merab, op. cit. II, 117–18.Google Scholar

57 Gleichen, op. cit. 590–1.Google Scholar

58 Sellassie, Guebre, I, 324–5 and n.;Google ScholarKeller, op. cit. 91;Google ScholarSellassie, Mahteme, ‘The Land System in Ethiopia’, Ethiopia Observer, 1, no. 9, 295.Google Scholar

59 Orleans, Henri d', Une visite á l'Empereur Ménélick, 1898, 118.Google Scholar

60 Rodd, op. cit. II, 157;Google ScholarSoleillet, 107;Google ScholarPowell-Cotton, op. cit. 131;Google ScholarMontadon, G., Au pays Ghimirra, 1913, 46;Google ScholarVivian, op. cit. 195;Google ScholarHohler, op. cit. 130.Google ScholarMérab, op. cit. II, 159, 134.Google ScholarPankhurst, R. K. P. Vide, ‘The Independence of Ethiopia and her Import of arms in the Nineteenth Century’, Présence Africaine, Vol. 4/5 no. 32/33M.Google Scholar

61 Duchesne-Fournet, J., Mission en Ethiopie, 1908, I, 50;Google ScholarMérab, op. cit. II, 113.Google Scholar

62 Vanderheym, J. G., Une expedition avec le Negus Menelik, 1896, 153;Google ScholarCohen, M., Rapport sur une mission linguistique en Abyssinie, 1912, 41, 45;Google ScholarMontadon, op. cit. 64;Google Scholarde Castro, op. cit. II, 320;Google ScholarMérab, op. cit. II, 13.Google Scholar

63 Vanderheym, op. cit. 172.Google Scholar

64 Le Roux, op. cit. 273.Google Scholar

65 Mérab, op. cit. II, 116;Google Scholarvide also Cohen, op. cit. 8–9.Google Scholar

66 Mérab, op. cit. II, 180;Google ScholarWylde, op. cit. 423.Google Scholar

67 Duchesne-Fournet, op. cit. I, 50;Google ScholarSkinner, R. P., Abyssinia of Today, 1906, 87;Google ScholarMérab, op. cit. 113;Google ScholarMontadon, op. cit. 70.Google Scholar

68 Mérab, op. cit. II, 116.Google Scholar

69 Rey, C., In the Country of the Blue Nile, 1927, 183–4.Google Scholar

70 Mérab, op. cit. III, 611.Google Scholar

71 Ibid.. II, 114.

72 Skinner, op. cit. 80, 87, 77.Google Scholar

73 Mérab, op. cit. II, 533.Google Scholar

74 Hallé, C., To Menelek in a Motor Car, 1913, 246, 260;Google Scholarvide also Montadon, op. cit. 37.Google Scholar

75 Mérab, op. cit. II, 183–4.Google Scholar

76 Sellassie, Guebre, op. cit. II, 525–7.Google Scholar

77 Mérab, op. cit. II, 133–4.Google Scholar

78 Sellassie, Guebre, op. cit. II, 454 and n.;Google ScholarVivian, op. cit. 186.Google Scholar

79 Sellassie, Guebre, op. cit. II, 485;Google ScholarVivian, op. cit. 129–30;Google ScholarPowell-Cotton, op.cit. 81–83.Google Scholar

80 Sellassie, Guebre, op. cit. II, 508.Google Scholar

81 Skinner, op. cit. 85;Google ScholarMérab, op. cit. II, 104–5.Google Scholar