Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-l7hp2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-27T21:37:19.888Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

IX. Industrialisation in India and Indonesia*

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 April 2010

Thee Kian Wie
Affiliation:
Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia

Extract

About ten years ago Deepak Nayyar, an Indian economist, lamented on the sluggishness of industrial growth in India, which at the time had persisted for more than ten years, since the rate of industrial growth dropped sharply from an average annual rate of 7.7% during the period 1951–1965 to an average rate of only 3.6% during the decade 1965–1975. Seven years later, at a conference on industrialisation in East and Southeast Asia held at the Australian National University, Canberra, Professor Deepak Lai, a distinguished Indian economist teaching at University College, London, and a consultant to the World Bank, expressed a similar disappointment, describing the absolute level of industrialisation in India as well its contribution to per capita growth as disappointing, even dismal compared with the rapid industrial growth of the four East Asian newly-industrialising countries (NICs), namely South Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Singapore.

Type
Article
Copyright
Copyright © Research Institute for History, Leiden University 1989

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Notes

1 Nayar, Deepak, ‘Industrial Development in India: Some Reflections on Growth and Stagnation’, Economic and Political Weekly 13, 31 (August 1978) 1265Google Scholar.

2 Deepak Lai, ‘Ideology and Industrialization in India and East Asia’ (Paper prepared for the workshop in Industrialization in East and Southeast Asia, Canberra, September 1985) 1.

3 Djojohadikusumo, Sumitro, ‘Added Value, Productive Employment, Balance of Payments: A Rewinder of Ground Rules’ (Commencement address to the Indonesian Institute for Management Development (IPMI) at the first graduation ceremony of its MBA Program, Jakarta, 22 August 1985) 5Google Scholar.

4 See Harian KOMPAS (Kompas Daily),9 April 1985, i.

5 Chenery, Hollis and Syrquin, Moises, Patterns of Development 1950–1970 (London 1975) 68Google Scholar.

6 Ibidem, 74.

7 Modern in this context means relatively large plants (employing more than 20 workers) and using new technologies as distinct from the small plants (employing less than 20 workers) using traditional technologies.

8 Roepstorff, Torben, ‘Industrial Development in Indonesia: Performance and Prospects’, Bulletin ojIndonesian Economic Studies. 21 (1985) 3233CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

9 Booth, Anne, ‘The Colonial Legacy and its Impact on Post-Independence Planning in India and Indonesia’, ltinerario 10, I (1986)4Google Scholar.

10 Morris, Morris D., ‘The Growth of Large-Scale Industry to 1947’ in: Kumar, Dharma, Desai, Meghnad eds., The Cambridge Economic History of India II (Cambridge 1983) 553Google Scholar.

12 Before the turn of the nineteenth century, the whole supply of industrial energy depended virtually on steam, except for a few negligible other sources. Creutzbcrg, P. ed., Changing Economy in Indonesia III (The Hague 1977) 64Google Scholar.

13 Segers, William, ‘The European and Non-European Sector of the Manufacturing Industry in Indonesia 1870–1940’ (Paper presented at the Conference on Economic Growth and Social Change in Indonesia 1820–1940, Groningen, September 1984) 25Google Scholar.

14 Creutzberg, , Changing Economy in Indonesia III, 17Google Scholar.

15 Ibidem, 63.

16 Segers, , ‘The European and Non-European Sector’, 911Google Scholar.

17 Morris, , ‘The Growth of a Large-Scale Industry’, 600601Google Scholar.

18 Ibidem, 601.

19 Ibidem, 602.

20 Bhagwati, Jagdish and Desai, Padma, India: Planning for Industrialization: Industrialization and Trade Policies since 1951 (Paris 1970) 33Google Scholar.

21 Ibidem, 34.

24 Ibidem, 35.

25 Kemp, Tom, Historical Patterns of Industrialization (London 1978) 142143Google Scholar.

26 Booth, , ‘The Colonial Legacy’, 4Google Scholar.

27 Gonggrijp, G., Schetsener Economische Geschiedenis van Nederlands-lndië (Haarlem 1949) 212213Google Scholar.

28 Booth, Anne, The State and Economic Development in Indonesia: The Ethical and New Order Eras Compared (mimeo 1987) 7Google Scholar.

29 Paauw, Douglas, ‘From Colonial to Guided Economy’ in: McVey, Ruth ed., Indonesia (New Haven 1963) 162Google Scholar.

30 Gonggrijp, , Schets ener Economische Geschiedenis, 236–237Google Scholar.

31 Wie, Thee Kian, Study on Cooperation in Small- and Medium-Scale Industries (mimco) 3841Google Scholar.

32 Booth, , ‘The Colonial Legacy’, 6Google Scholar.

33 Gonggrijp, , Schets ener Economische Geschiedenis, 239Google Scholar.

34 McCawley, Peter, Industrial Licensing in Indonesia (mimeo Canberra 1983)Google Scholar.

35 Gonggrijp, , Schels ener Economische Geschiedenis, 237238Google Scholar.

36 Burger, D.H., Sociologisch-Economische Geschiedenis van Indonesia II (Amsterdam 1975) 123Google Scholar.

38 Adams, F.G. et al., ‘Developing Country Experience with Industrial Policy: Korea, Venezuela, India and Brazil’ in: Adams, F.G., Klein, Lawrence eds., Industrial Policies for Growth and Competitiveness (Lexington 1985) 374Google Scholar.

39 Bhagwati, and Desai, , India: Planning for Industrialization, 115Google Scholar.

40 Ibidem, 117–118.

41 Lal, , ‘Ideology and Industrialization’, 27Google Scholar.

42 Ibidem, 28.

43 Little, I.M.D., ‘The Experience and Causes of Rapid Labour: Intensive Development in Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong and Singapore and the Possibilities of Emulation’ (Asian Employment Programme, Working Papers, WP 11–1,1LO-ARTEP 1979) 3839Google Scholar.

44 Lal, , ‘Ideology and Industrialization’, 29Google Scholar.

45 Sundrum, R.M., ‘Indonesia's Rapid Economic Growth 1968–1981’, Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies 22 (1986) 58CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

46 Ibidem, 59–60.

47 World Bank, ‘Indonesia: Strategy for Economic Recovery’ (Report no. 6694 - IND 5 May 1987) 34Google Scholar.

48 Hobohm, Sarwar, ‘Survey of Recent Developments’, Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies 23 (1987)CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

49 Wie, Thee Kian, ‘Industrial and Foreign Investment Policy in Indonesia since 1967’, Tonan AjiaKenkyu (Southeast Asian Studies) (1987) 84Google Scholar.

50 Soehoed, A.R., ‘Japan and the Development of the Indonesian Manufacturing Sector’, Indonesian Quarterly 10 (1981) 67Google Scholar.

51 Soehoed, A.R., ‘Reflections on Industrialization and Industrial Policy in Indonesia’, Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies 24 (1988)CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

52 Lal, , ‘Ideology and Industrialization’, 29Google Scholar.

53 Gray, Clive, ‘Survey of Recent Developments’, Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies 18 (1982) 4142CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

54 Ibidem, 42.

55 Bhagwati, and Desai, , India: Planning for Industrialization, 117118Google Scholar.