Hostname: page-component-745bb68f8f-s22k5 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-01-12T04:06:17.280Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

I PARTITI CONSERVATORI IN EUROPA. UN SUCCESSO DA SPIEGARE

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 July 2018

Francesco Raniolo

Premessa

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Alla fine degli anni '80 Girvin affermava che in quel decennio c'era stato un movimento tanto nelle politiche che nella politica verso la destra (1988, 4) il cui aspetto immediatamente visibile in Europa era stato il marcato predominio conservatore sul piano elettorale. Due date possono essere assunte come punti di riferimento: le elezioni britanniche del 1979 che consentirono al Partito conservatore, sotto la guida della Thatcher, di andare al governo e di restarvi per i successivi diciotto anni e, negli Stati Uniti, l'elezione di Reagan nel 1980 e nel 1984.

Summary

Summary

The aim of this paper is to analyse how Conservative parties took advantage of the political shift towards the Right which took place in almost every Western democracies during the '80s.

The author firstly sheds light on the ideological families of right wing parties. Secondly, he tries to account for their electoral performance and shows that conservative parties fared better in the new political environment.

Two hypothesis are considered: the first one maintains that the Conservative success were determined by social, economic and cultural changes since the early '70s; the second one states that those parties adjusted more efficiently their organizations to the new challenges.

Type
Ricerche
Information
Italian Political Science Review / Rivista Italiana di Scienza Politica , Volume 28 , Issue 2 , August 1998 , pp. 271 - 320
Copyright
Copyright © Societ Italiana di Scienza Politica 

References

Riferimenti bibliografici

Barnes, H.S. (1966), Ideology and the Organization of Conflict: On the Relationship between Political Thought and Behavior, in «Ideology and the Organization of Conflict: On the Relationship between Political Thought and Behavior», vol. 28, n. 3, pp. 513–530.Google Scholar
Bartolini, S. (1986), Partiti e sistemi di partito, in Pasquino, G. (a cura di), Manuale di scienza della politica, Bologna, Il Mulino, pp. 231–280.Google Scholar
Bartolini, S. e Mair, P. (1990), Identity, Competition, and Electoral Availability: The Stabilisation of European Electorates, 1885-1985, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Bogdanor, V. (1983), Liberal Party Politics, Oxford, Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Beyme, von K. (1987), I partiti nelle democrazie occidentali, Bologna, Zanichelli.Google Scholar
Beyme, von K. (1996), Party Leadership and Change in Party System: Towards a Postmodern Party State?, in «Government and Opposition», n. 2, pp. 135–159.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Budge, I. (1995), Gran Bretagna e Irlanda: variazioni di regime di partito dominante, in Colomer, J.M. (a cura di), La politica in Europa, Roma-Bari, Laterza, pp. 33–114.Google Scholar
Budge, I. e Keman, H. (1990), Parties and Democracy. Coalition Formation and Government Functioning in Twenty States, Oxford, Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Caciagli, M. (1983), Declino o persistenza del partito di iscritti, in «Democrazia e Diritto», n. 3, pp. 27–48.Google Scholar
Caciagli, M. (1986), Elezioni e partiti politici nella Spagna postfranchista, Padova, Liviana.Google Scholar
Caciagli, M. (1993), L'evoluzione dei partiti conservatori, testo non pubblicato.Google Scholar
Caciagli, M. et al. (1992), Christian Democracy in Europe, Barcellona, Institut de Ciències Politiques i Socials.Google Scholar
Calise, M. (a cura di) (1992), Come cambiano i partiti, Bologna, Il Mulino.Google Scholar
Castles, F.G. e Mair, P. (1984), Left-right Political Scales: Some «Expert» Judgments, in «European Journal of Political Research», vol. 14, pp. 73–88.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clark, P.B. e Wilson, J.Q. (1961), Incentive Systems: A Theory of Organizations, in «Administrative Scienze Quarterly», vol. 6, pp. 129–166.Google Scholar
Colomer, J.M. (1995), Spagna e Portogallo: regimi di leadership di partito, in Colomer, J.M. (a cura di), La politica in Europa, Roma-Bari, Laterza, pp. 283–350.Google Scholar
Daalder, H. e Koole, R. (1988), Liberal Parties in the Netherlands, Kirchner (1988), pp. 151–177.Google Scholar
Dahl, R.A. (1980), Poliarchia. Partecipazione e opposizione nei sistemi politici, Milano, F. Angeli.Google Scholar
Dogan, M. e Pelassy, D. (1990), How to Compare Nations: Strategies in Comparative Politics, Chatham, Chatham House.Google Scholar
Duverger, M. (1961), I partiti politici, Milano, Edizioni di Comunità.Google Scholar
Eliassen, K.A. e Svaasand, L. (1975), The Formation of Mass Political Organizations: An Analytical Framework, in «Scandinavian Political Studies», vol. 10, pp. 95–121.Google Scholar
Epstein, L.D. (1967), Political Parties in Western Democracies, London, Pall Mall Press.Google Scholar
Ersson, S.O. e Lane, J.E. (1987), Politics and Society in Western Europe, London, Sage.Google Scholar
Esping-Andersen, G. (1997), La politica senza classe?, in Negri, N. e Sciolla, L. (a cura di), Il paese dei paradossi. Le basi sociali della politica in Italia, Roma, Nis, pp. 19–51.Google Scholar
Farneti, P. (1979), Partiti, stato e mercato: appunti per un analisi comparata, in Graziano, L. e Tarrow, S. (a cura di), La crisi italiana, Torino, Einaudi, pp. 113–175.Google Scholar
Gibbins, J.R. (a cura di) (1989), Contemporary Political Culture, London, Sage.Google Scholar
Giddens, A. (1997), Oltre la destra e la sinistra, Bologna, Il Mulino.Google Scholar
Girvin, B. (a cura di) (1988), The Transformation of Contemporary Conservatism, London, Sage.Google Scholar
Hall, P.A. (1992), The Movement from Keynesianism to Monetarism: Institutional Analysis and British Economic Policy in the 1970s, in Steinmo, Thelen e Longstreth (1992), pp. 90–113.Google Scholar
Harmel, R. e Svasand, L. (1993), Party Leadership and Party Institutionalisation: Three Phases of Development, in «West European Politics», n. 2, pp. 67–87.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Humphreys, P. e Steed, M. (1988), Identifying Liberal Parties, in Kirchner (1988), pp. 396–435.Google Scholar
Ignazi, P. (1994), L'estrema destra in Europa, Bologna, Il Mulino.Google Scholar
Ignazi, P. (1996), The Crisis of Parties and the Rise of New Political Parties, in «Party Politics», II, n. 4, pp. 549–566.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ignazi, P. e Ysmal, C. (a cura di) (1992), Extreme Right-wing Parties in Europe, in «Extreme Right-wing Parties in Europe», vol. 22, n. 1, numero speciale.Google Scholar
Inglehart, R. (1993), Valori e cultura politica nella società industriale avanzata, Padova, Liviana.Google Scholar
Irving, R.E.M. (1979), The Christian Democratic Parties of Western Europe, London, Allen & Unwin.Google Scholar
Jacobs, F. (1989), Western European Political Parties, London, Longman.Google Scholar
Janda, K. (1980), Political Parties: A Cross-national Survey, New York, The Free Press.Google Scholar
Kalyvas, S.N. (1996), La formazione dei partiti confessionali in Europa, in «La formazione dei partiti confessionali in Europa», vol. 26, n. 2, pp. 317–363.Google Scholar
Katz, R.S. e Mair, P. (a cura di) (1994), How Parties Organize, London, Sage.Google Scholar
Katz, R.S. e Mair, P. (1995), Changing Models of Party Organization and Party Democracy: The Emergence of the Cartel Party, in «Changing Models of Party Organization and Party Democracy: The Emergence of the Cartel Party», vol. 1, n. 1, pp. 5–28.Google Scholar
Katz, R.S., Mair, P. et al. (1992), The Membership of Political Parties in European Democracies 1960-1990, in «The Membership of Political Parties in European Democracies 1960-1990», vol. 22, n. 2, pp. 329–345.Google Scholar
Keman, H. (1995), I «Paesi Bassi»: confronto e fusione in società frammentate, in Colomer, J.M. (a cura di), La politica in Europa, Roma-Bari, Laterza, pp. 351–420.Google Scholar
Kirchner, E.J. (a cura di) (1988), Liberal Parties in Western Europe, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kitschelt, H. e Hellemans, S. (1990), The Left-right Semantics and the New Politics Cleavage, in «Comparative Political Studies», n. 2, pp. 210–238.Google Scholar
Koole, R.A. (1994), The Vulnerability of the Modern Cadre Party in the Netherlands, in Katz e Mair (1994), pp. 278–303.Google Scholar
Lane, J.E. e Ersson, S.O. (1996), European Politics. An Introduction, London, Sage.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leyton-Henry, Z. (a cura di) (1982), Conservative Politics in Western Europe, London, Macmillan.Google Scholar
Lijphart, A. (1988), Le democrazie contemporanee, Bologna, Il Mulino.Google Scholar
Ljunggren, S.B. (1988), Conservatorism in Norway and Sweden, in Girvin (1988), pp. 120–144.Google Scholar
Luther, K.R. (1988), The Freiheitliche Partei Österreichs: Protest Party or Governing Party?, in Kirchner (1988), pp. 213–251.Google Scholar
Mair, P. (1992), The Problem of Party System Change, in «Journal of Theoretical Politics», n. 3, pp. 251–276.Google Scholar
Minkenberg, M. e Inglehart, R. (1989), Observations on Cultural Change and Postmodernism, in Gibbins (a cura di), pp. 251–256.Google Scholar
Morgan, R. e Silvestri, S. (1983), I partiti moderati e conservatori europei, Roma, Edizioni Studio Tesi.Google Scholar
Morlino, L. (1988), Dall'autoritarismo alla democrazia: Portogallo, Spagna e Grecia, in Tranfaglia, N. e Firpo, M. (a cura di), La storia: l'età contemporanea, vol. IX, Torino, Utet, pp. 761–788.Google Scholar
Morlino, L. (1992), Partiti e consolidamento democratico, in Calise (1992), pp. 243–274.Google Scholar
Morlino, L. (1995), Political Parties and Democratic Consolidation in Southern Europe, in Gunther, R., Diamandouros, P.N. e Puhle, H.J. (a cura di), The Politics of Democratic Consolidation. Southern Europe in Comparative Perspective, Baltimore-London, Johns Hopkins University Press, pp. 315–388.Google Scholar
Morlino, L. (1996), Crisis of Parties and Change of Party System in Italy, in «Crisis of Parties and Change of Party System in Italy», vol. 2, n. 1, pp. 5–30.Google Scholar
Morlino, L. (1998), Democracy between Consolidation and Crisis. Parties, Groups and Citizens in Southern Europe, Oxford, Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morlino, L. e Mattei, F. (1992), Vecchio e nuovo autoritarismo nell'Europa mediterranea, in «Vecchio e nuovo autoritarismo nell'Europa mediterranea», vol. 22, n. 1, pp. 137–160.Google Scholar
Müller, W.C. e Steininger, B. (1994), Party Organisation and Party Competitiveness: The Case of the Austrian People's Party, 1945-1992, in «Party Organisation and Party Competitiveness: The Case of the Austrian People's Party, 1945-1992», vol. 24, n. 1, pp. 1–30.Google Scholar
Panebianco, A. (1982), Modelli di partito, Bologna, Il Mulino.Google Scholar
Panebianco, A. (1986), Superstizioni politologiche?, in «il Mulino», n. 2, pp. 179–190.Google Scholar
Pappalardo, A. (1992), Il rigore socialista: vincolo o scelta?, in Calise (1992), pp. 147–167.Google Scholar
Pappas, S.T. (1994), New Democracy: The Logics of A Conservative Party's Organization, Department of Sociology Yale University, testo non pubblicato.Google Scholar
Pappas, S.T. (1996), Grand Designs, Narrow Choices: Conservatives and Democracy in Southern Europe, EUI Fiesole, testo non pubblicato.Google Scholar
Pasquino, G. (1997), Corso di scienza della politica, Bologna, Il Mulino.Google Scholar
Pedersen, N.M. (1983), Changing Patterns of Electoral Volatility in European Party Systems, 1948-1977, in Daalder, H. e Mair, P. (a cura di), Western European Party Systems: Continuity and Change, London, Sage, pp. 29–66.Google Scholar
Peele, G. (1988), The Character of Modern British Conservatism, in Girvin (1988), pp. 13–34.Google Scholar
Raniolo, F. (1997), I partiti conservatori nell'Europa Occidentale. Andamenti elettorali, memberships e partecipazione al governo, Tesi di dottorato, Facoltà di Scienza Politiche «C. Alfieri», Firenze.Google Scholar
Raniolo, F. (1998), Mezzo secolo di fortune elettorali dei partiti moderati e conservatori in Europa occidentale (1945-1996), in «Quaderni dell'Osservatorio Elettorale», n. 37, in corso di stampa.Google Scholar
Rokkan, S. (1982), Cittadini, elezioni e partiti, Bologna, Il Mulino.Google Scholar
Rudd, C. (1988), The Belgian Liberal Parties: Economic Radicals and Social Conservatives, in Kirchner (1988), pp. 178–212.Google Scholar
Sartori, G. (1965), Partiti e sistemi di partito, Firenze, Editrice Universitaria.Google Scholar
Sartori, G. (1976), Parties and Party System: A Framework for Analysis, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Sartori, G. (1982), Teoria dei partiti e caso italiano, Milano, SugarCo.Google Scholar
Sartori, G. e Morlino, L. (a cura di) (1991), La comparazione nelle scienze sociali, Bologna, Il Mulino.Google Scholar
Schlesinger, A.J. (1985), The New American Political Party, in «The New American Political Party», vol. 79, n. 4, pp. 1152–1169.Google Scholar
Smith, G. (1988), Between Left and Right: The Ambivalence of European Liberalism, in Kirchner (1988), pp. 16–28.Google Scholar
Steinmo, S., Thelen, K. e Longstreth, F. (a cura di) (1992), Structuring Politics. Historical Institutionalism in Comparative Analiysis, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Taggart, P. (1995), New Populist Parties in Western Europe, in «West European Politics», n. 1, pp. 34–51.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thomas, A.H. (1988), Liberalism in Denmark: Agrarian, Radical, still Influential, in Kirchner (1988), pp. 279–303.Google Scholar
Vassallo, S. (1997), Aspetti politico-istituzionali e governo della finanza pubblica, tesi di dottorato, Facoltà di Scienze Politiche «C. Alfieri», Firenze.Google Scholar
Ware, A. (1996), Political Parties and Party Systems, Oxford, Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Wellhofer, S.E. (1979), Strategies for Party Organization and Voter Mobilization: Britian, Norway, and Argentina, in «Comparative Political Studies», n. 2, pp. 169–204.CrossRefGoogle Scholar