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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 30 October 2012
1 Saleh Sheekh v The Netherlands App No 1948/04 (ECtHR, 11 January 2007) para 135, http://hudoc.echr.coe.int/sites/eng/pages/search.aspx?i=001-78986
2 Zimmermann, Andreas and Mahler, Claudia, ‘Article 1A’ in Zimmermann, Andreas (ed), The 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees and its 1967 Protocol: A Commentary (Oxford University Press 2011) 337 para 182CrossRefGoogle Scholar.
3 ibid 464 para 690.
4 Rainer Hofman and Tillman Löhr, ‘Introduction to Chapter V’ in Zimmermann (n 2) 1110 para 71.
5 Sheekh v The Netherlands (n 1) para 135.
6 Claudena Skran, ‘Historical Development of International Refugee Law’ in Zimmermann (n 2) 6 para 2.
7 Terje Einarsen, ‘Drafting History of the 1951 Convention and the 1967 Protocol’ in Zimmermann (n 2) 44 para 11.
8 Skran (n 6) 10 para 16.
9 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees (entered into force 22 April 1954) 189 UNTS 150, art 38.
10 ibid art 42.
11 Einarsen (n 7) 40 para 1.
12 ibid 52 para 28.
13 Zimmermann and Mahler (n 2) 325 para 132.
14 ibid 337 para 180, 338 para 189.
15 Walter Kälin, Martina Caroni and Lukas Heim, ‘Article 33’ in Zimmermann (n 2) 1392 para 173.
16 Zimmermann and Mahler (n 2) 350 para 232.
17 ibid 410 para 475, 411 para 470.
18 ibid 420.
19 Immigration Draft Bill to Israel Law, 22 March 2011, Hatsa'ot Hok 3072, art 25.
20 Zimmermann and Mahler (n 2) 430–32.
21 ibid 436 para 553.
22 Jane McAdam, ‘Interpretation of the 1951 Convention’ in Zimmermann (n 2) 78 para 3.
23 ibid 79 para 4.
24 Anja Klug, ‘Regional Development: Europe’ in Zimmermann (n 2) 123 para 14; European Convention of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (entered into force 3 September 1953) 213 UNTS 222.
25 Sheekh v The Netherlands (n 1).
26 Klug (n 24) 131 para 52.
27 ibid 133 para 58.
28 ibid 135 para 66.
29 Zimmermann and Mahler (n 2) 415 para 487.
30 Susan Kneebone and Maria O'Sullivan, ‘Article 1C’ in Zimmermann (n 2) 500 para 70.
31 The 1951 Convention (n 9) art 1F.
32 Andreas Zimmermann and Philipp Wennholz, ‘Article 1F’ in Zimmermann (n 2) 598–99 para 68.
33 ibid 601 para 77.
34 Zimmermann and Wennholz (n 32) 608 para 105, 607 para 104.
35 Kälin, Caroni and Heim (n 15) 1334 para 1.
36 ibid 1345 para 32.
37 ibid 1364, quoting Lauterpacht, Elihu and Bethlehem, Daniel, ‘The Scope and Content of the Principle of Non-Refoulement’ in Feller, Erika, Türk, Volker and Nicholson, Frances (eds), Refugee Protection in International Law: UNHCR's Global Consultations on International Protection (Cambridge University Press 2003) 87, 112Google Scholar.
38 Hofman and Löhr (n 4) 1087 para 1.
39 ibid 1105 para 58.
40 ibid 1121–22.
41 ibid 1119–20.
42 ibid 1104 para 53.
43 ibid 1120 para 108.
44 ibid 1123 para 121.
45 ibid 1111 para 74.
46 Kälin, Caroni and Heim (n 15) 1380–81.
47 ibid 1386 para 155.
48 Hofman and Löhr (n 4) 1111 para 78.
49 The 1951 Convention (n 9) art 11.
50 Roland Bank, ‘Introduction to Article 11’ in Zimmermann (n 2) 818 fn 1.
51 ibid 833 para 60.
52 Sale v Haitian Centers Council 500 US 155 (1993).
53 Bank (n 50) 820 para 3.
54 ibid 826.
55 ibid 841 para 82.
56 ibid 846 para 94.
57 ibid 847 para 101.
58 ibid 849 para 107.
59 The 1951 Convention (n 9) art 31.
60 Jens Vedsted-Hansen, ‘Article 28/Schedule’ in Zimmermann (n 2) 1206.
61 ibid 1253.
62 The 1951 Convention (n 9) art 1(D).
63 Utaz M Qafisheh and Valentina Azarov, ‘Article 1D’ in Zimmermann (n 2) 543 para 6.
64 Einarsen (n 7) 55 para 35.
65 Hofman and Löhr (n 4) 1103 para 51.
66 Kälin, Caroni and Heim (n 15) 1340 para 16.
67 ibid 1367 para 106.
68 Ammur v France ECHR 1996-III 851.
69 Hofman and Löhr (n 4) 1108 para 68.
70 Vedsted-Hansen (n 60) 1247 para 5.
71 Kälin, Caroni and Heim (n 15) 1379 para 136.
72 The 1951 Convention (n 9) art 3.
73 Reinhard Marx and Wtebke Staff, ‘Article 3’ in Zimmermann (n 2) 644 para 1.
74 The 1951 Convention (n 9) art 7.
75 ibid art 16.
76 ibid art 21.
77 ibid art 22.
78 ibid art 23.
79 ibid art 34.
80 Alice Edwards, ‘Article 17’ in Zimmermann (n 2) 972 para 57.
81 The 1951 Convention (n 9) art 27.
82 ibid art 28.
83 Vedsted-Hansen (n 60) 1182 para 1.
84 Reservation to Article 28 of 1951 Convention by Israel (UNHCR, The UN Refugee Agency, 1 October 1954), http://www.unhcr.org/3d9abe177.htm.
85 The 1951 Convention (n 9) art 26.
86 Reinhard Marx, ‘Article 26’ in Zimmermann (n 2) 1158 para 48.
87 ibid 1164 para 68.
88 The 1951 Convention (n 9) art 32.
89 Ulrike Davy, ‘Article 32’ in Zimmermann (n 2) 1280 para 1.
90 ibid 1282 para 4.