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Temperature effects on three downy brome (Bromus tectorum) seed collections inoculated with the fungal pathogen Pyrenophora semeniperda

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 May 2019

Krista A. Ehlert Open the ORCID record for Krista A. Ehlert [Opens in a new window] ,
Zachariah Miller ,
Jane M. Mangold ,
Fabian Menalled  and
Alexandra Thornton
Krista A. Ehlert*
Affiliation:
Former Graduate Student, Department of Land Resources and Environmental Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
Zachariah Miller
Affiliation:
Assistant Professor, Department of Land Resources and Environmental Sciences, Montana State University, Western Agricultural Research Center, Corvallis, MT, USA
Jane M. Mangold
Affiliation:
Associate Professor, Department of Land Resources and Environmental Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
Fabian Menalled
Affiliation:
Professor, Department of Land Resources and Environmental Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
Alexandra Thornton
Affiliation:
Former Undergraduate Student, Department of Land Resources and Environmental Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
*
Author for correspondence: Krista A. Ehlert, Department of Natural Resource Management, South Dakota State University, West River Ag Center, Rapid City, SD 57702. (Email: [email protected])
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Abstract

Downy brome (Bromus tectorum L., syn. cheatgrass) is a winter annual grass that invades North American cropping, forage, and rangeland systems. Control is often difficult to achieve, because B. tectorum has a large seedbank, which results in continuous propagule pressure. Pyrenophora semeniperda (Brittlebank and Adam) Shoemaker, a soilborne fungal pathogen, has been investigated as a biological control for B. tectorum, because it can kill seeds that remain in the seedbank, thereby reducing propagule pressure. Temperature influences P. semeniperda and has not been investigated in the context of seeds collected from different B. tectorum locations, that may vary in susceptibility to infection. We compared the effects of temperature (13, 17, 21, 25 C) and B. tectorum seed locations (range, crop, subalpine) with different mean seed weights on infection rates of P. semeniperda using a temperature-gradient table. Infection differed by seed location (P < 0.001) and temperature (P < 0.001), with lighter-weight seeds (i.e., range and subalpine) more susceptible to P. semeniperda infection. Infection increased as temperature increased and was higher at 21 C (66.7 ± 6.7%) and 25 C (73.3 ± 6.0%). Germination was affected by seed location (P < 0.001) and temperature (P = 0.019). Germination was highest for the crop seed location (45.4 ± 4.2%) and overall decreased at higher temperatures (21 and 25 C). Our results suggest that B. tectorum seeds from a crop location are less affected by P. semeniperda than those from range and subalpine locations. Moreover, this demonstrates a temperature-dependent effect on all populations.

Keywords

Annual grasscropinvasivepathogenrangesubalpine
Type
Note
Information
Invasive Plant Science and Management , Volume 12 , Issue 2 , June 2019 , pp. 150 - 154
Copyright
© Weed Science Society of America, 2019 

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Footnotes

Associate Editor: John Cardina, Ohio State University

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