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The Stockholm Conference of 1917

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 December 2008

Hildamarie Meynell
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In 1917, in the midst of war, the internationalist ideals of the old Second Socialist International came close to achieving an unparalleled diplomatic triumph of non-governmental initiative by bringing together responsible political leaders of the left from the countries of opposing belligerents to discuss peace terms with neutrals on neutral ground at Stockholm.

Type
Research Article
Information
International Review of Social History , Volume 5 , Issue 1 , April 1960 , pp. 1 - 25
Copyright
Copyright © Internationaal Instituut voor Sociale Geschiedenis 1960

References

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page 15 note 2 U.S., “1917”, op.cit., p. 118.

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page 17 note 5 Bourgin, op.cit., pp. 230–1.

page 18 note 1 “Stockholm”, op.cit., pp. xvii–xviii; Fainsod (op.cit., p. 136) misreports this item by saying that the Dutch-Scandinavian Committeesent out this statement.

page 18 note 2 “Stockholm”, op. cit., pp. xiv–xv and pp. xviii–xix.

page 18 note 3 The Rumanian Socialists refused to come because the German occupation authorities proposed that they should. They, therefore, believed the conference to be organised by the Germans, and instead asked that an inter-AUied Socialist conference should be held in Petrograd. Interview with Serban Voinea, former President of the Rumanian Socialist Party, and former Rumanian Minister at Berne; l'Humanité, Journal Socialiste, S.F.I.O., Paris, editor: Pierre Renaudel and later Marcel Cachin, 9 September, 1917, “Les Socialistes roumains proposentune Conférence interalliée à Petrograd”.

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page 19 note 3 Gankin and Fisher, op. cit., p. 615.

page 20 note 1 Present at this meeting were: Balabanoff and Grimm for the I.S.C.; Bobrov of the Social Revolutionary Internationalists; Zinoviev, Lenin, and Kamenev of the Bolsheviks; Abramovitch of the Bund; Lapinsky of the Polish Socialist Party (Levitsa); Ryazanov, Trotsky, and Uritsky of the “Mezhraionka”; Rakovsky of the Rumanian Social-Democratic Party; and Bienstock, Martov, Martynov, and Larin of the Menshevik Internationalists.

page 20 note 2 Gankin and Fisher, op.cit., pp. 615–6; Fainsod, op.cit., pp. 155–4; “Archiv…”, op.cit., Vol. XII, pp. 365–6; Balabanoff, “E. und E.”, op.cit., pp. 148–51; Balabanoff, Angelica, My Life as a Rebel (hereafter called Balabanoff, “My Life…”), Hamish Hamilton, London, 1938, pp. 174–6.Google Scholar

page 21 note 1 L'Humanité, op.cit., 18 June, 1917, “Une mesure d'expulsion contre Grimm”, p. 3; Kerensky, Alexander F., The Catastrophe: Kerensky'sOwn Story of the Russian Revolution, D. Appleton and Co., New York, 1927, p. 208.Google Scholar

page 21 note 2 Gankin and Fisher, op.cit., pp. 616–29; Fainsod, op.cit., pp. 154–5; Balabanoff, “My Life…”, op.cit., pp. 177–9; Balabanoff, “E. und E.”, op.cit., pp. 157–6.

page 21 note 3 Fainsod (op.cit., p. 155) says Zinoviev was the third delegate; Gankin and Fisher (op. cit., p. 650 and p. 657) say Smirnov. It is unlikely that Zinoviev, a Bolshevik, adamant against the conference, was a delegate for the Petrograd Soviet.

page 23 note 1 Gankin and Fisher, op.cit., pp. 637–8; Balabanoff, “My Life…”, op.cit., pp. 182–3; Balabanoff, ”E.undE.”, op.cit., pp. 165–6; Fainsod, op cit. pp. 155–6.

page 23 note 2 Gankin and Fisher, op.cit., p. 630; Fainsod, op.cit., p. 156; “Archiv…”, op.cit., Vol. XII, pp. 372–4; Balabanoff, “My Life…”, op. cit., p. 183.

page 25 note 1 “Stockholm”, op. cit., pp. xix–xx and pp. 484–5.

page 25 note 2 ibid, p. 486.

page 25 note 3 Gankin and Fisher, op. cit., pp. 637–40.

page 25 note 4 “Stockholm”, op. cit., p. xx.