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Prevalence estimates of depression in elderly community-dwelling African Americans in Indianapolis and Yoruba in Ibadan, Nigeria

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 May 2007

Olusegun Baiyewu ,
Valerie Smith-Gamble ,
Kathleen A. Lane ,
Oye Gureje ,
Sujuan Gao ,
Adesola Ogunniyi ,
Frederick W. Unverzagt ,
Kathleen S. Hall  and
Hugh C. Hendrie
Olusegun Baiyewu
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
Valerie Smith-Gamble
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, U.S.A.
Kathleen A. Lane
Affiliation:
Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, U.S.A.
Oye Gureje
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
Sujuan Gao
Affiliation:
Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, U.S.A.
Adesola Ogunniyi
Affiliation:
Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
Frederick W. Unverzagt
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, U.S.A.
Kathleen S. Hall
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, U.S.A.
Hugh C. Hendrie
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, U.S.A. Indiana University Center for Aging Research, Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, U.S.A.
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Abstract

Background: This is a community-based longitudinal epidemiological comparative study of elderly African Americans in Indianapolis and elderly Yoruba in Ibadan, Nigeria.

Method: A two-stage study was designed in which community-based individuals were first screened using the Community Screening Interview for Dementia. The second stage was a full clinical assessment, which included use of the Geriatric Depression Scale, of a smaller sub-sample of individuals selected on the basis of their performance in the screening interview. Prevalence of depression was estimated using sampling weights according to the sampling stratification scheme for clinical assessment.

Results: Some 2627 individuals were evaluated at the first stage in Indianapolis and 2806 in Ibadan. All were aged 69 years and over. Of these, 451 (17.2%) underwent clinical assessment in Indianapolis, while 605 (21.6%) were assessed in Ibadan. The prevalence estimates of both mild and severe depression were similar for the two sites (p = 0.1273 and p = 0.7093): 12.3% (mild depression) and 2.2% (severe depression) in Indianapolis and 19.8% and 1.6% respectively in Ibadan. Some differences were identified in association with demographic characteristics; for example, Ibadan men had a significantly higher prevalence of mild depression than Indianapolis men (p < 0.0001). Poor cognitive performance was associated with significantly higher rates of depression in Yoruba (p = 0.0039).

Conclusion: Prevalence of depression was similar for elderly African Americans and Yoruba despite considerable socioeconomic and cultural differences between these populations.

Keywords

late life depressioncross-culturalAfrican AmericansYoruba
Type
Research Article
Information
International Psychogeriatrics , Volume 19 , Issue 4 , August 2007 , pp. 679 - 689
Copyright
International Psychogeriatric Association 2007

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