Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-g7gxr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-14T01:29:28.965Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Management of delirium in older adults: challenges and opportunities

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 April 2021

Kathleen S. Bingham*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada Centre for Mental Health, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
Alastair J. Flint
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada Centre for Mental Health, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada

Abstract

Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Commentary
Copyright
© International Psychogeriatric Association 2021

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Burry, L. et al. (2018). Antipsychotics for treatment of delirium in hospitalised non-ICU patients. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2018, Issue 6, Art. No.: CD005594. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD005594.pub3 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dighe, K., Clarke, H., McCartney, C. J. and Wong, C. L. (2014). Perioperative gabapentin and delirium following total knee arthroplasty: a post-hoc analysis of a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial. Canadian Journal of Anesthesia, 61, 11361137. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12630-014-0235-5 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fabritius, M. L. et al. (2017). Benefit and harm of pregabalin in acute pain treatment: a systematic review with meta-analyses and trial sequential analyses. British Journal of Anesthesia, 119, 775791. https://doi.org/10.1093/bja/aex227 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Farlinger, C., Clarke, H. and Wong, C. L. (2018). Perioperative pregabalin and delirium following total hip arthroplasty: a post hoc analysis of a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial. Canadian Journal of Anesthesia, 65, 12691270. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12630-018-1195-y CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Flükiger, J. et al. (2018). Dexmedetomidine in prevention and treatment of postoperative and intensive care unit delirium: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Annals of Intensive Care, 8, 92. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13613-018-0437-z CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gupta, A. et al. (2022). Is there evidence for using anticonvulsants in the prevention and/or treatment of delirium among older adults? International Psychogeriatrics, 34, 889903. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1041610221000235 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hshieh, T. T. et al. (2015). Effectiveness of multi-component non-pharmacologic delirium interventions: A Meta-analysis. JAMA Internal Medicine, 175, 512520. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2014.7779 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Inouye, S. K. et al. (1999). A Multicomponent intervention to prevent delirium in hospitalized older patients. New England Journal of Medicine, 340, 669676. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199903043400901 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Inouye, S. K., Leo-Summers, L., Zhang, Y., Bogardus, S. T., Leslie, D. L. and Agostini, J. V. (2005). A chart-based method for identification of delirium: validation compared with interviewer ratings using the confusion assessment method. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 53, 312318. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.2005.53120.x CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Inouye, S. K., van Dyck, C. H., Alessi, C. A., Balkin, S., Siegal, A. P. and Horwitz, R. I. (1990). Clarifying confusion: the confusion assessment method. A new method for detection of delirium. Annals of Internal Medicine, 113, 941948. https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-113-12-941 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leung, J. M. et al. 2017. Perioperative gabapentin does not reduce postoperative delirium in older surgical patients: A randomized clinical trial. Anesthesiology, 127, 633644. https://doi.org/10.1097/ALN.0000000000001804 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leung, J. M. et al. (2006). Pilot clinical trial of gabapentin to decrease postoperative delirium in older patients. Neurology, 67, 12511253. https://doi.org/10.1212/01.wnl.0000233831.87781.a9 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Morandi, A. et al. (2017). The diagnosis of delirium superimposed on dementia: An emerging challenge. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, 18, 1218. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2016.07.014 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morandi, A. et al. (2012). Tools to detect delirium superimposed on dementia: A systematic review. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 60, 20052013. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.2012.04199.x CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Oh, E. S., Fong, T. G., Hshieh, T. T. and Inouye, S. K. (2017). Delirium in older persons. JAMA, 318, 11611174. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2017.12067 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rose, L. et al. (2017) Development of core outcome sets for effectiveness trials of interventions to prevent and/or treat delirium (Del-COrS): study protocol. BMJ Open, 7, e016371. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016371 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sher, Y., Miller Cramer, A. C., Ament, A., Lolak, S. and Maldonado, J. R. (2015). Valproic acid for treatment of hyperactive or mixed delirium: rationale and literature review. Psychosomatics, 56, 615625. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psym.2015.09.008 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Shi, Q., Warren, L., Saposnik, G. and Macdermid, J. C. (2013). Confusion assessment method: a systematic review and meta-analysis of diagnostic accuracy. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, 9, 13591370. https://doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S49520 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Siddiqi, N., House, A. O. and Holmes, J. D. (2006). Occurrence and outcome of delirium in medical in-patients: a systematic literature review. Age and Ageing, 35, 350364. https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afl005 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed