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Factor analysis of the Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument: Kuakini Honolulu-Asia Aging Study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 June 2020

Hardeep K. Obhi Open the ORCID record for Hardeep K. Obhi [Opens in a new window] ,
Jennifer A. Margrett ,
Daniel W. Russell ,
Peter Martin ,
Leonard W. Poon ,
Kamal Masaki  and
Bradley J. Willcox
Hardeep K. Obhi*
Affiliation:
Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
Jennifer A. Margrett
Affiliation:
Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
Daniel W. Russell
Affiliation:
Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
Peter Martin
Affiliation:
Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
Leonard W. Poon
Affiliation:
Institute of Gerontology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
Kamal Masaki
Affiliation:
John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Kuakini Medical Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
Bradley J. Willcox
Affiliation:
John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Kuakini Medical Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
*
Correspondence should be addressed to: Hardeep K. Obhi, Postdoctoral Research Associate, Carolina Population Center #3105H, 123 West Franklin Street, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC27516, USA. Phone: +1 919 962 6111. Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

Objective:

The Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument (CASI) is a screening test of global cognitive function used in research and clinical settings. However, the CASI was developed using face validity and has not been investigated via empirical tests such as factor analyses. Thus, we aimed to develop and test a parsimonious conceptualization of the CASI rooted in cognitive aging literature reflective of crystallized and fluid abilities.

Design:

Secondary data analysis implementing confirmatory factor analyses where we tested the proposed two-factor solution, an alternate one-factor solution, and conducted a χ2 difference test to determine which model had a significantly better fit.

Setting:

N/A.

Participants:

Data came from 3,491 men from the Kuakini Honolulu-Asia Aging Study.

Measurements:

The Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument.

Results:

Findings demonstrated that both models fit the data; however, the two-factor model had a significantly better fit than the one-factor model. Criterion validity tests indicated that participant age was negatively associated with both factors and that education was positively associated with both factors. Further tests demonstrated that fluid abilities were significantly and negatively associated with a later-life dementia diagnosis.

Conclusions:

We encourage investigators to use the two-factor model of the CASI as it could shed light on underlying cognitive processes, which may be more informative than using a global measure of cognition.

Keywords

Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrumentcognitionolder adultsfactor analysiscrystallized and fluid abilities
Type
Original Research Article
Information
International Psychogeriatrics , Volume 34 , Special Issue 6: Issue Theme: New Studies of Mild Cognitive Impairment , June 2022 , pp. 543 - 551
Copyright
© International Psychogeriatric Association 2020

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Footnotes

Research for this manuscript was conducted while Obhi was at Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.

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