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A Cross-National Self-Report Measure of Depressive Symptomatology

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 January 2005

Margaret Gatz ,
Boo Johansson ,
Nancy Pedersen ,
Stig Berg  and
Chandra Reynolds
Margaret Gatz
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A.
Boo Johansson
Affiliation:
Institute of Gerontology, University College of Health Sciences, Jönköping, Sweden
Nancy Pedersen
Affiliation:
Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
Stig Berg
Affiliation:
Institute of Gerontology, University College of Health Sciences, Jönköping, Sweden
Chandra Reynolds
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A.
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Abstract

The Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale (CES-D) was administered in Swedish to two representative samples, one aged 84 to 90 (mean = 87), the second aged 29 to 95 (mean = 61). There were both linear and quadratic differences with age: the oldest individuals were highest on depressive symptoms, but younger adults were higher than middle-aged. Dimensions or subscales identified by previous studies were generally replicated, including a sadness and depressed mood factor, a psychomotor retardation and loss of energy factor, and a well-being factor (on which items are reverse-scored to indicate depression). The findings support cross-national use of the CES-D to assess self-reported symptoms of depression in adults and older adults.

Type
Research and Reviews
Information
International Psychogeriatrics , Volume 5 , Issue 2 , September 1993 , pp. 147 - 156
Copyright
© 1993 Springer Publishing Company

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