Psychotropic Drug Utilization in Long-Term-Care Facilities for the Elderly in Ontario, Canada

Abstract

Objective: Despite considerable data from a number of countries regarding psychotropic utilization in long-term-care facilities for the elderly, there has been a lack of similar data from Canada. The purpose of this study was to gather prescription data from a series of institutions in Ontario and to compare the results to those of other international studies. Method: Single-day surveys were carried out in six homes for the aged, four nursing homes, two retirement homes, and a veterans' center. The results were compared to those of recent studies from other countries. Results: The data revealed considerable differences in rates of prescription between different classes of institutions and between similarly classified institutions. The prescription rate of neuroleptics ranged from 11.8% (of patients) in retirement homes to 29.8% in nursing homes. Antidepressant use ranged from 12.2% in nursing homes to 24.6% in homes for the aged, and benzodiazepine use ranged from 22.5% in nursing homes to 36.4% in retirement homes. Conclusions: The overall rate of prescription for psychotropic medications was somewhat lower than in most international studies. The rate of prescription of neuroleptics in nursing homes fell in the midrange of studies, somewhat higher than in recent studies from the United States and an earlier Italian study, but lower than in recent reports from Sweden, Austria, and Australia. The rate of neuroleptic use in homes for the aged was comparable to the rate in the U.S. studies. The overall rate of prescription of antidepressants and benzodiazepines appears to be comparable to that in recent studies from other countries.