Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-tf8b9 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-28T01:20:54.723Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Perceptions of old age and aging in the continuing care retirement community

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 November 2014

Liat Ayalon*
Affiliation:
Louis and Gabi Weisfeld School of Social Work Bar Ilan University, Israel
*
Correspondence should be addressed to: Liat Ayalon, Ph.D. School of Social Work, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel, 52900. Phone: 97235317940. Email: [email protected].

Abstract

Background:

The continuing care retirement community (CCRC) is a long term care alternative available to older adults who are independent upon entrance. The present study evaluated perceptions of old age and aging among new CCRC residents and their adult children.

Methods:

A qualitative study with 34 dyads of older adults and their adult children (34 adult children and 36 older adults) was conducted. Interviews were analyzed using constant comparisons within and across interviews. Dyadic analysis of older adults-adult children interviews was followed.

Results:

Three major themes concerning the perception of old age and aging emerged: (a) expectations for multiple losses that occur in old age; (b) different views and definitions of old age as being composed of various dimensions including chronological age, mental age, physical age and appearance and (c) diverse perceptions of the CCRC as a luxurious hotel vs. the “last stop.”

Conclusions:

A more balanced portrayal of old age and the CCRC might result in an easier acceptance of these concepts among older adults and their adult children.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © International Psychogeriatric Association 2014 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Ayalon, L. (2013a). Feelings towards older vs. younger adults: results from the European social survey. Educational Gerontology, 39, 888901.Google Scholar
Ayalon, L. (2013b). Perceived age, gender, and racial/ethnic discrimination in Europe: results from the European social survey. Educational Gerontology, 40, 499517.Google Scholar
Ayalon, L., Doron, I., Bodner, E. and Inbar, N. (2014). Macro- and micro-level predictors of age categorization: results from the European social survey. European Journal of Ageing, 11, 518.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ayalon, L. and Green, V. (2012). Grief in the initial adjustment process to the continuing care retirement community. Journal of Aging Studies, 26, 394400.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ayalon, L. and Green, V. (2013). Social ties in the context of the continuing care retirement community. Qualitative Health Research, 23, 396406.Google Scholar
Ball, M. M., Kemp, C. L., Hollingsworth, C. and Perkins, M. M. (2014). “This is our last stop”: negotiating end-of-life transitions in assisted living. Journal of Aging Studies, 30, 113.Google Scholar
Bengtson, V. L. and Roberts, R. E. L. (1991). Intergenerational solidarity in aging families: an example of formal theory construction. Journal of Marriage and Family, 53, 856870.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bodner, E., Cohen-Fridel, S. and Yaretzky, A. (2011a). P03–03 - Perceived quality of life and ageism among elderly people living in sheltered housing and in the community. European Psychiatry, 26, Supplement 1, 1172.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bodner, E., Cohen-Fridel, S. and Yaretzky, A. (2011b). Sheltered housing or community dwelling: quality of life and ageism among elderly people. International Psychogeriatrics, 23, 11971204.Google Scholar
Breitmayer, B. J., Ayres, L. and Knafl, K. A. (1993). Triangulation in qualitative research: evaluation of completeness and confirmation purposes. Image: the Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 25, 237243.Google ScholarPubMed
Brodsky, J., Shnoor, Y. and Be’er, S. (2012). The Elderly in Israel: Statistical Abstracts 2012. Jerusalem: Meyers-Joint-Brookdale.Google Scholar
Clarke, L. H. and Griffin, M. (2008). Visible and invisible ageing: beauty work as a response to ageism. Ageing and Society, 28, 653674.Google Scholar
Creswell, J. W. (1998). Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design: Choosing among Five Traditions. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Dobbs, D. et al. (2008). An ethnographic study of stigma and ageism in residential care or assisted living. Gerontologist, 48, 517526.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Doron, I. and Lightman, E. (2003). Assisted-living for older people in Israel: market control or government regulation? Ageing and Society, 23, 779795.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eisikovits, Z. and Koren, C. (2010). Approaches to and outcomes of dyadic interview analysis. Qualitative Health Research, 20, 16421655.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Friese, S. (2012). Qualitative Data Analysis with ATLAS.ti. London [etc.]: Sage.Google Scholar
Gamliel, T. and Hazan, H. (2003). Stigma as reputation: on self-identity in an old-age home. Gerontologia (Hebrew), 26, 3145.Google Scholar
Gamliel, T. and Hazan, H. (2006). The meaning of stigma: identity construction in two old-age institutions. Ageing and Society, 26, 355371.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gilligan, A. M., Loui, J. A., Mezdo, A., Patel, N. and Lee, J. K. (2014). A comparison of pharmacy students’ and active older adults’ perceptions regarding geriatric quality of life. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 78, 10.Google Scholar
Goffman, E. (1961). Asylums: Essays on the Social Situation of Mental Patients and Other Inmates. Garden City, N.Y.: Anchor Book.Google Scholar
Groger, L. and Kinney, J. (2007). CCRC here we come! reasons for moving to a continuing care retirement community. Journal of Housing For the Elderly, 20, 79101.Google Scholar
Hagestad, G. O. and Uhlenberg, P. (2005). The social separation of old and young: a root of ageism. Journal of Social Issues, 61, 343360.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hausdorff, J. M., Levy, B. R. and Wei, J. Y. (1999). The power of ageism on physical function of older persons: reversibility of age-related gait changes. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 47, 13461349.Google Scholar
Kite, M. E., Stockdale, G. D., Whitley, B. E. and Johnson, B. T. (2005). Attitudes toward younger and older adults: an updated meta-analytic review. Journal of Social Issues, 61, 241266.Google Scholar
Kornadt, A. E. and Rothermund, K. (2011). Contexts of aging: assessing evaluative age stereotypes in different life domains. Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 66B, 547556.Google Scholar
Kotter-Grühn, D. and Hess, T. M. (2012). The impact of age stereotypes on self-perceptions of aging across the adult lifespan. Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 67, 563571.Google Scholar
Levy, B. R., Hausdorff, J. M., Hencke, R. and Wei, J. Y. (2000). Reducing cardiovascular stress with positive self-stereotypes of aging. Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 55, P205P213.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Levy, B. R., Slade, M. D., Kunkel, S. R. and Kasl, S. V. (2002). Longevity increased by positive self-perceptions of aging. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 83, 261270.Google Scholar
Litwak, E. and Longino, C. F. Jr. (1987). Migration patterns among the elderly: a developmental perspective. Gerontologist, 27, 266272.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Martens, A., Greenberg, J., Schimel, J. and Landau, M. J. (2004). Ageism and death: effects of mortality salience and perceived similarity to elders on reactions to elderly people. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 30, 15241536.Google Scholar
Minichiello, V., Browne, J. and Kendig, H. (2000). Perceptions and consequences of ageism: views of older people. Ageing and Society, 20, 253278.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mirovsky, A. (2008). Dun and Bradstreet: An increase of 8% in the number of continuing care retirement communities. The marker. available at: http://www.themarker.com/realestate/1.402546. Date accessed: 09 Oct. 2014.Google Scholar
Nydegger, C. N. (1986). Timetables and implicit theory. American Behavioral Scientist, 29, 710729.Google Scholar
Rippon, I., Kneale, D., de Oliveira, C., Demakakos, P. and Steptoe, A. (2013). Perceived age discrimination in older adults. Age and Ageing, 43, 379386.Google Scholar
Rivlin, A. M. and Wiener, J. M. (1988). Caring for the disabled elderly: Who will pay? Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution.Google Scholar
Rodgers, B. L. and Cowles, K. V. (1993). The qualitative research audit trail: a complex collection of documentation. Research in Nursing & Health, 16, 219226.Google Scholar
Shippee, T. P. (2009). “But I am not moving”: residents’ perspectives on transitions within a continuing care retirement community. Gerontologist, 49, 418427.Google Scholar
Shippee, T. P. (2012). On the edge: Balancing health, participation, and autonomy to maintain active independent living in two retirement facilities. Journal of Aging Studies, 26, 115.Google Scholar
Strauss, A. and Corbin, J. (1998). Basics of qualitative research techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory. London: Sage Publication.Google Scholar
Tietel, E. (2000). The interview as a relational space. Forum Qualitative Sozialforschung / Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 1. ISSN . Available at: <http://www.qualitative-research.net/index.php/fqs/article/view/1095>. Date accessed: 09 Oct. 2014..+Date+accessed:+09+Oct.+2014.>Google Scholar