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Frailty and depression in centenarians

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 September 2017

Oscar Ribeiro ,
Natália Duarte ,
Laetitia Teixeira  and
Constança Paúl
Oscar Ribeiro*
Affiliation:
UnIFai and CINTESIS.ICBAS, University of Porto, Porto; ISSSP, Porto; University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
Natália Duarte
Affiliation:
UnIFai.ICBAS, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
Laetitia Teixeira
Affiliation:
UnIFai and CINTESIS.ICBAS and ISPUP-EPIUnit, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
Constança Paúl
Affiliation:
UnIFai and CINTESIS.ICBAS, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
*
Correspondence should be addressed to: Oscar Ribeiro, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal. Phone: +351220428161. Email: osribeiro@icbas.up.pt.
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Abstract

Background:

Physical frailty and depression are common comorbid conditions that have important impact on older adults. Few studies however have examined their co-occurrence in centenarians. This paper explores the relationship between the two conditions and the most characteristic depressive symptoms associated with the frailty syndrome.

Methods:

Data come from two Portuguese Centenarian Studies. Frailty was measured using Fried's phenotype, which includes at least three clinical signs: exhaustion, weight loss, weakness, slowness, and low physical activity level; the Geriatric Depression Scale was used to assess depression. Descriptive comparison and binary logistic regression models were used for data analysis.

Results:

The final sample comprised 91 centenarians (mean age = 101.0, SD = 1.3; 85.7% female). From these, 5.5% were classified as robust, 42.9% as pre-frail, and 51.6% as frail. The prevalence of depression in the whole sample was 35.2% (51.1% in frail centenarians; 21.1% in pre-frail centenarians; 0% in robust centenarians). Frail centenarians presented higher risk of depression (OR = 3.92; 95% CI 1.48–10.4) when compared to pre-frail centenarians. Findings from the multivariable model (gender, living arrangements, education, cognition, subjective health, current illness, and functionality) revealed that only subjective health remained significant.

Conclusion:

It seems that depression is a comorbid clinical independent condition that is frequent in frail and pre-frail centenarians.

Keywords

depressionfrailty phenotypecentenariansgeriatric depression scale
Type
Research Article
Information
International Psychogeriatrics , Volume 30 , Issue 1 , January 2018 , pp. 115 - 124
Copyright
Copyright © International Psychogeriatric Association 2017 

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