Pan American World Airways Inc. v. S.A. Fire and Accident Insurance Co. Ltd.

Abstract

International law in general — Relation to municipal law — Treaties — Whether enforceable in municipal courts without legislation — The law of South Africa

Treaties — Conclusion and operation of treaties — Operation and enforcement of treaties — Necessity for municipal legislation — Whether treaty part of municipal law without appropriate legislation — Whether treaty enforceable in municipal Courts in the absence of such legislation — Persons entitled to take the benefit of treaty provisions — Whether rights granted to State under treaty enforceable by individuals in municipal Courts — Universal Postal Convention 1957 — Article 71 — Limitation of liability under the convention — Whether enures to the benefit of all carriers — Law of carriage by air — Warsaw Convention 1929 — Interpretation of right of action — Whether limited to consignor and consignee — Article 9 — Limitation of liability under the convention — When lost by the carriers — Whether lost only in the case of consignor and consignee — Aliens — Position of aliens — Law applicable to aliens — Air carrier operating in foreign country — Whether carrier's national law applies — The law of South Africa