Federal Steam Navigation Co. Ltd. v. Department of Trade and Industry (The Huntingdon)

Abstract

International law in general — Relation to municipal law — Treaties — Interpretation in municipal courts — Interpretation of statute giving effect to treaty — The law of England

Jurisdiction — High Seas — Jurisdiction on High Seas — Pollution of the High Seas — International Convention for Prevention of Pollution of the Sea by Oil 1954 — United Kingdom Oil in Navigable Waters Act 1955 — Prosecution thereunder following particulars furnished by another Contracting Party — Persons liable to prosecution — Whether 1955 Act could provide beyond requirements of a treaty — The law of England

Treaties — Interpretation — Principles and rules of interpretation — Whether enabling municipal legislation can provide beyond requirements of a treaty — International Convention for Prevention of Pollution of the Sea by Oil 1954 — United Kingdom Oil in Navigable Waters Act 1955 — Proceedings thereunder for alleged breach of Convention — Persons liable to prosecution — Whether the word ‘or’ to be construed conjunctively or disjunctively — Procedure — Enforcement of treaty — The law of England