United Bank Ltd. v. Cosmic International Inc.

Abstract

Jurisdiction — In general — Territorial — Territorial limits of jurisdiction — Expropriation of debt located in the United States — Whether act of State doctrine applicable — Public policy of United States against expropriation without compensation — Whether special rules applicable in wartime — The law of the United States

War and neutrality — War in general — Effects of outbreak of war — On enemy subjects with regard to their property and other rights — Nationalization without compensation of property of enemy subjects — Bangladesh — Expropriation of property of Pakistan nationals — Property located in United States — Whether United States courts should give effect to nationalization — Act of State doctrine — United States public policy — Whether special rules applicable to expropriation in wartime — The law of the United States

States as international persons — In general — Recognition of acts of foreign States and governments — Act of State doctrine — Expropriation — Property located outside expropriating State — Debt payable in United States — Situs — Whether act of State doctrine applicable to extraterritorial acts — Rationale of act of State doctrine — United States public policy against expropriation without compensation — Bangladesh — Expropriation of property of Pakistan nationals — War — Expropriation allegedly part of wartime measures — Whether different rules applicable — The law of the United States