Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-g8jcs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T05:06:07.448Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

World Review of the Natural Enemies and Diseases of Spodoptera Litura (F.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)*

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

G. V. Ranga Rao ,
J. A. Wightman  and
D. V. Ranga Rao
G. V. Ranga Rao
Affiliation:
Legumes Entomology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, (ICRISAT), Patancheru P.O. 502 324, Andhra Pradesh, India
J. A. Wightman
Affiliation:
Legumes Entomology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, (ICRISAT), Patancheru P.O. 502 324, Andhra Pradesh, India
D. V. Ranga Rao
Affiliation:
Legumes Entomology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, (ICRISAT), Patancheru P.O. 502 324, Andhra Pradesh, India
Get access

Abstract

Published information was used to compile a summary of natural enemies (parasitoids, predators and diseases) reported attacking Spodoptera litura (F) under field conditions. Species (71) of insect parasitoids in seven families of Hymenoptera and two families of Diptera were listed as parasitoids of different stages of S. litura. Predatory insects (36) belonging to 14 families and 12 species of spiders from six families have been reported to feed on this species. Four protozoan, four fungal, seven bacterial, four each of viral and nematode species were also reported to be the pathogens of this species. Published information suggested that periodic releases of large number of egg parasites could help in suppressing populations of this pest. There is a considerable scope for increased attention to the role of natural enemies as component of integrated pest management programmes of S. litura.

Résumé

Compte rendu mondial des ennemis naturels et des maladies de Spodoptera litura (F.) (Lépidoptéres: Noctuides): Des informations publiées ont servi de source pour la compilation de ce compte rendu des ennemis naturels (parasites et prédateurs) et des maladies qui s'attaquent à Spodoptera litura (F.) en milieu reel. Soixante-neuf espèces d'insectes parasitoïd parmi sept families des Hyménoptéres ainsi que de families des Diptères sont classées comme parasites des différents stadesde S. litura. Trente-six insectes prédateurs, appartenant à 14 familleset 12 espèces d'araingnées provenant de six families se nourriraient de cette espèce. Quatre protozoares, quatre moisissures, sept bactéries, quatre virus et cinq nematodes seraient également des agents pathogènes de cette espèce. Les information publiées laissant à croire que des introductions périodiques des parasites des oeufs en grands nombres permettraient de supprimer la population de Spodoptera. Les ennemis naturels offrent des possiblités importantes pour jouer un rôle clé dans des programmes de lutte intégrée centre S. litura.

Keywords

Spodoptera lituranatural enemiesdiseasesSpodoptera lituraennemis naturelsmaladies
Type
Research Artilces
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 14 , Issue 3 , June 1993 , pp. 273 - 284
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1993

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Anonymous (1977) Report of the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research for the year ended 31 March 1977. New Zealand. 70 pp.Google Scholar
Anonymous (1988) Annual Report—International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh, India.Google Scholar
Ansari, M. A., Pawar, A. D. and Ahmed, S. N. (1987) A note on pathogenicity of naturally occurring bacterium Serratia marcescens Bizio on some lepidopterous pests. Plant Prot. Bull. India 39, 27–28.Google Scholar
Asayama, T. and Ohoishi, K. (1980) Field infection of Spodoptera litura (F.) larvaeby the entomogenous fungus, Nomuraea rileyi (in Japan) and morphology of the fungus grown on the larvae. Japanese J. Appl. Entomol. Zool. 24, 105–107.Google Scholar
Asayama, T. and Osaki, N. A. (1970) Cytoplasmic polyhedrosis of the cotton leaf worm, Prodenia litura (F.). J. Invertebr. Pathol. 16, 292–294.Google Scholar
Ayyanna, T., Arjuna Rao, P., Subba Ratnam, G. V., Krishna Murthy, B. H. and Narayana, K. L. (1982) Chemical control of Spodoptera litura (F.) on groundnut crop. Pesticides 16, 19–20.Google Scholar
Barrion, A. T. and Litsinger, J. A. (1987) A larval parasite of swarming caterpillar and common cutworm in the Philippines. Int. Rice Res. Newsl. 12, 34–35.Google Scholar
Battu, G. S. (1977) Occurrence of Parasarcophaga misera (Walker) and Campoletis sp. as parasites Of Spodoptera litura (F.) from India. Current Sci. 46, 568–569.Google Scholar
Battu, G. S., Bindra, O. S. and Rangarajan, M. (1972) Investigations on microbial infections of insect pests in the Punjab. Indian J. Entomol. 33, 317–325.Google Scholar
Battu, G. S., Dilawari, V. K. and Bindra, O. S. (1978) Investigations on microbial infections of insect pests in the Punjab–II. Indian J. Entomol. 39, 271–280.Google Scholar
Bhanotar, R. K. and Srivastava, Y. N. (1985) Impact of reptiles on food production and environment. Non insect pests and predators. Proc. of the National Symposium on Impact of Non Insect Pests and Predators Food Production and Environment. March 12–14, 1984 India. All India Scientific Writers Society, pp. 116–120, 265–266.Google Scholar
Bhatnagar, V. S. (1981) Arthropod parasitoids of insect pests (excluding Heliothis sp.) recorded in Andhra Pradesh, India. Cropping Systems (Entomology) Progress Report, ICRISAT.Google Scholar
Bhatnagar, V. S., Pawar, C. S., Jadhav, D. R. and Davis, J. C. (1985) Mermithid nematodes asparasites of Heliothis sp. and other crop pests in Andhra Pradesh, India. Proc. of Indian Academy of Sciences. Animal Sci. 94, 509–515.Google Scholar
Braune, H. J. (1980) Field studies on taro cluster caterpillar. Alafua Agric. Bull. 5, 42–46.Google Scholar
Braune, H. J. (1982) Effect of structure of host egg mass on the effectiveness of egg parasite of Spodoptera litura (F.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Western Samoa, Drosera 1, 7–16.Google Scholar
Braune, H. J. and Kan, S. K. (1981) Species composition and biology of the predator-parasite complex of the taro cluster caterpillar, Spodoptera litura (F.) in Western Samoa. Alfua Agric. Bull. 6, 46–50.Google Scholar
Braune, H. J., Kan, S. K. and Treviranus, H. (1981) Studies on the effectiveness of Apanteles sp. a larval parasite of Spodoptera litura (F.). Alafua Agric. Bull., Apia; Western Samoa. 6, 12–22.Google Scholar
Chari, M. S., Bharpoda, T. M. and Patel, S. N. (1985) Studies on integrated management of Spodoptera litura (F.) in tobacco nursery. Tobacco Res. 11, 93–98.Google Scholar
Cherian, M. C. and Brahmachari, K. (1942) Note on three predatory Hemipterians from South India. Indian J. Entomol. 3, 115–119.Google Scholar
Chiu, S. C. and Chou, L. Y. (1976) Hymenopterous parasitoids of Spodoptera litura (F.). J. Agric. Res of China 25, 227–241.Google Scholar
Chu, Y. I. (1979) Some notes on the lepidopterous rice insect pests at Jawa Timur, Indonesia. Nat. Taiwan Univ. Phytopathol. Entomol. 6, 38–43.Google Scholar
Chu, Y. I. and Chu, C. M. (1975) Life history and the effect of temperature on the growth of Eocanthecona furcellata (Wolff). Plant Prot. Bull., Taiwan 17, 99–114.Google Scholar
Deng, G. Y. and Jim, M. X. (1985) Study on a predacious katydid Conocephalus sp. Chinese J. Biocontr. 1, 8–11.Google Scholar
Feakin, S. D. (1973) Pest control in groundnuts. PANS Manual No. 2, London COPR, ODA.Google Scholar
Hafez, M. (1951) Notes on introduction and biology of Microplietis demolitor Wilk.(Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Bull. Soc. Fouad. Icr. Entomol. 35, 107–121.Google Scholar
Hassan, E. (1972) Problems of applied entomology in Papua New Guinea. Anz. Schadlingsk. Pflazenschutz. 45, 129–134.Google Scholar
Hokyo, N. and Hawanthai, S. (1975) The effect of prey size and prey density on the functional response, survival, growth and development of a predatory Pentatomid bug, Podisusmaculiventris Say. Res. Popul. Ecol. 16, 207–218.Google Scholar
Hoyt, C. P. (1955) Notes on larvaevorid flies reared from Prodenia litura Fab. and Otheris fullonica (Clerk) larvae in American Samoa. Proc. Hawaii Entomol. Soc. 15, 419–21.Google Scholar
Ito, Y., Yamanaka, H., Nakasuji, F. and Kiritani, K. (1972) Determination of predator-prey relationship with an activable tracer, europium–151. Kontyu 40, 278–283.Google Scholar
Jalali, S. K., Singh, S. P. and Ballal, C. R. (1987) Role of host plants on Spodoptera litura (F.) on the degree of parasitism by Cotesia marginiventris (Cresson) (Hymenoptera:Braconidae). Indian J. Agric. Sci. 57, 676–678.Google Scholar
Singh, Janardan and Bardhan, A. K. (1974) Effectiveness of DD–136, an entomophilic nematode against insect pests of agricultural importance. Current Sci. 43, 622.Google Scholar
Jayanth, K. P. and Nagarkatti, S. (1984) Record of true parasitism in Peribaea orbata (Wied) (Diptera:Tachnidae). Entomon 9, 77–78.Google Scholar
Joshi, B. G., Ramaprasad, G. and Sitaramaiah, S. (1982) Effect of neem seed kernel suspension on Telenomus remus, an egg parasite of Spodoptera litura (F.). Phytoparasitica 10, 61–63.Google Scholar
Joshi, B. G., Sitaramaiah, S., Satyanarayana, S. V. V. and Ramprasad, G. (1979) Note on natural enemies of Spodoptera litura (F.) and Myzus persicae (Sulz.) on flue cured tobacco in Andhra Pradesh. Science and Culture 45, 251–252.Google Scholar
Kapoor, K. N., Gurarate, J. P. and Gangrade, G. A. (1975) Cantheconidia furcellata Wolff, as a predator of Prodinia litura Fabr. larvae. Indian. Entomol. 35, 275.Google Scholar
Kondo, E. and Ishibashi, N. (1984) Infectivity and multiplication of Steinernema feltiae (Str. Mexican) on common cutworm, Spodoptera litura (F.). Japanese J. Appl. Entomol. Zool. 28, 229–236.Google Scholar
Kore, S. S. and Bhide, V. P. (1978) Bacterial disease of tobacco caterpillar Spodopteralitura (F,). J. Maharashtra Agric. Univ. 3, 34–37.Google Scholar
Kranz, J., Schumutterer, H. and Koch, W. (eds) (1977) Diseases Pests and Weeds in Tropical Crops. Berlin and Hamburg: Verlag Paul Parley.Google Scholar
Krishnaiah, K., Ramakrishnan, N. and Reddy, P. C. (1985) Control of Spodoptera litura (Fabr) on black gram by nuclear polyhedrosis. Indian J. Agric. Sci. 55, 775–776.Google Scholar
Longworth, J. F. (1976) Insect viruses and pest control. Search for alternatives. New Zealand J. Agric. 16–17.Google Scholar
Li, S. P. and Wenn, C. S. (1987) Nosema liturae sp. a new species of microsporidia from the cotton leaf worm Spodoptera litura. Sci. Agric. sinica 20, 71–74.Google Scholar
Malone, L. A. and Wigley, P. J. (1980) The distribution of Nosema carpocapsae, a protozoan pathogen of the codling moth, Cydia pomonella (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), in New Zealand. New Zealand Entomol 7, 151–153.Google Scholar
Michael, P. J., Woods, W., Lawrence, P. J., Fisher, W., Bailey, P. and Swincer, P. (1984) Introduced parasites for the control of Australian noctuid pests. Proc. of the Fourth Australian Applied Entomological Research Conference, Adelaide 24–28 September 1984. Pest Control Recent Advances and Future Prospects (Edited by Bailey, P. and Swincer, D.) pp. 294–303.Google Scholar
Moussa, M. A., Zaher, M. A. and Kotby, F. (1960) Abundance of the cotton leaf worm, Prodenia litura (F.) in relation to host plants. I. Host plants and their effect on biology (Lepidoptera: Agrotidae). Bull. Soc. Entomol. Egypti 44, 241–251.Google Scholar
Nakasuji, F., Yamanaka, H. and Kiritani, K. (1973) The disturbing effect of Micryphantid spiders on the larval aggregation of the tobacco cutworm, Spodoptera litura (F.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Kontyu 41, 220–227.Google Scholar
Nakasuji, F., Yamanaka, H. and Kiritani, K. (1976) Predation of larvae of the tobacco cutworm Spodoptera litura (F.) (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) by Polistes wasps. Kontyu 44, 205–213.Google Scholar
Narayanan, K. and Jayaraj, S. (1979) Spodoptera litura (F.) as a host for Nosema sp. Current Sci. 48, 276.Google Scholar
Narayanan, K. (1985) Susceptibility of Spodoptera litura(F.) to a granulosis virus. Current Sci. 54, 1288–1289.Google Scholar
Narendran, T. C. and Joseph, K. J. (1977) Studies on Some Aspects of Host-Specificity with Reference to Brachymeria lasus Walker, a Polyphagous Chalcid Parasite of Lepidopterous Insects. The Macmillan Company of India Ltd., India, 85–89.Google Scholar
Oblisami, G., Ramamoorthi, K. and Rangaswami, G. (1969) Studies on the pathology of some crop pests of South India. Mysore J. Agric. Sci. 3, 86–98.Google Scholar
Okada, T. (1974) Persistence of viral activity of Spodoptera litura (F.) nuclear polyhedra sprayed in mixtures. Proc. of the Association of Plant Protection of Kyushu 20, 37–39.Google Scholar
Pandey, S. N. and Rangarajan, M. (1967) Prodenia litura F. a new host of Serratia marcescens Bizio. Indian J. Entomol. 29, 14–17.Google Scholar
Patel, J. S. (1944) Indian Central Jute Committee, Calcutta, India. Annual Report of Agricultural Research Scheme for the year 1942–1943. pp. 43–44.Google Scholar
Patel, N. G. (1980) The bionomics and control measures of tobacco bug, Nesidiocoris tenuis Retutrg (Miridae Hemiptera). Gujarat Agric. Univ. Res. J. 5, 60.Google Scholar
Patel, R. C., Patel, J. C. and Patel, J. K. (1971) New records of parasites of Spodopteraexigua (Hb.) and Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) from Gujarat. Indian J. Entomol. 1972. 33, 92–93.Google Scholar
Patel, R. C., Yadav, D. N. and Saramma, P. U. (1979) Impact of mass releases of Chelonus helepae Gupta and Telenomus remus Nixon against Spodoptera litura (Fabricius). J. Entomol.Res. 3, 53–56.Google Scholar
Pawar, A. D. (1976) Andrallus spinidens (Fabricius) (Asopinae: Pentatomidae: Hemiptera) as a predator of insect pests of rice in Himachal Pradesh, India. Rice Entomol.Newsl. No. 4, pp. 23–24.Google Scholar
Phadke, C. H. and Rao, V. G. (1978) Studies on the entomogenous fungus Nomuraea rileyi (Farlow) Samson I. Current Sci. 47, 511–512.Google Scholar
Rai, P. S. (1974) Record of Chelonus formosanus (Sonan) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), a parasite of Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) from Mysore State. Current Sci. 43, 30.Google Scholar
Ramakrishnan, N., Saxena, V. S. and Dhingra, S. (1984) Insecticidal resistance in the population of Spodoptera litura (F) in Andhra Pradesh. Pesticides 18, 23–27.Google Scholar
Ramakrishnan, N. and Tiwari, L. D. (1969) Polyhydrosis virus of Prodenia litura Fabricius (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera). Indian J. Entomol. 31, 191–192.Google Scholar
Ramamurthy, K., Oblisami, G. and Rangaswami, G. (1967) An epizootic fungus disease of sunhemp pests. The Mysore J. Agric. Sci. 1, 225–226.Google Scholar
Ranga Rao, G. V. and Shanower, T. G. (1988) A survey of groundnut insect pests in Andhra Pradesh, post rainy season, 1987–1988. Int. Arachis Newsl. 4, 8–10.Google Scholar
Rao, B. N. and Patel, R. C. (1976) Bionomics of Chelonus formosanus Sonan. An egg-larval parasite of Spodoptera litura (F.). Indian J. Entomol. 36, 103–109.Google Scholar
Rao, K. J., Thontadarya, T. S. and Rangadhamaiah, K. (1979) A note on the survival and parasitism of the egg-larval parasite Chelonus blackburni Cameron (Hym.: Braconidae) on some lepidopterous hosts. Current Res. 8, 48–50.Google Scholar
Rao, R. S. N. and Satyanarayana, S. V. V. (1984) Note on more additions to the natural enemy complex of Spodoptera litura (F.) and Myzus persicae Sulz. on tobacco in Andhra Pradesh. Current Sci. 53, 201–202.Google Scholar
Rao, R. S. N., Satyanarayana, S. V. V. and Soundararajan, V. (1981) Note on new additions to the natural enemies of Spodoptera litura (F.) and Myzus persicae Sulz. on flue cured tobacco in Andhra Pradesh. Science and Culture 47, 98–99.Google Scholar
Rao, V. G. and Phadke, C. H. (1977) A muscardine disease of tobacco leaf-eating caterpillar. Current Sci. 46, 648–649.Google Scholar
Ren, S. Z. (1984) Studies on the genus Coranus curtis from China. Entomotoxonomia 6, 279–286.Google Scholar
Richard, K. T. (1964) Insect pests of cotton in the ORD River irrigation area. The J. Agric. Western Australia 5, 15.Google Scholar
Sathe, T. V. (1987) New records of natural enemies of Spodoptera litura (Fab.) in Kolhapur, India. Current Sci. India 56, 1083–1084.Google Scholar
Sheng, J. K. and Shen, G. P. (1983) Two new records of Encyrtidae from China. Entomotaxonomia 5, 212.Google Scholar
Siddaramaiah, A. L., Narendrappa, T. and Panchabhavi, K. S. (1986) Occurrence and severity of Metarhizium anisopilae on Spodoptera litura Fb in groundnut field. Current Res. 15, 48–49.Google Scholar
Singh, R. N. and Singh, K. M. (1975) Exploration of vertebrate predators for crop pests. II. Feeding potential of bush lizard, Calotes versicolor Daudin on tobacco caterpillar, Prodenia litura Fabricius. Indian J. Entomol. 35, 258–260.Google Scholar
Sitaramaiah, S. and Ramaprasad, G. (1982) Studies on the life history of Coranus spinicutis Reuter and Coranus sp. (L.) atricapillus Dist. (Reduviidae-Heteroptera) on Spodoptera litura (F.) from India. Tobacco Res. 8, 81–85.Google Scholar
Sitaramaiah, S., Joshi, B. G. and Ramaprasad, G. (1980) New record of spiders as predators of tobacco caterpillar Spodoptera litura F. Science and Culture 46, 29–30.Google Scholar
Sitaramaiah, S., Joshi, B. G., Prasad, G. R. and Satyanarayana, S. V. V. (1975) Harpactorcostalis Stal (Reduviidae: Heteroptera) –a new predator on tobacco caterpillar (Spodoptera litura F.). Science and Culture 41, 545–546.Google Scholar
Stechmann, D. H. and Semisi, S. T. (1984) Insect control in western Samoa with particular reference to the present state of biological and integrated control. Am. Schadlingsk., pflanzenschutz, Umweltschutz 57, 65–70.Google Scholar
Tai, G. C. (1973) A preliminary study of the polyhedrosis on cotton leaf worm Prodenia(Spodoptera) litura Fabricius in Canton area. Acta Entomol. Sinica 16, 89–90.Google Scholar
Thontadarya, T. S. and Nangia, N. (1983) Natural enemies of tobacco caterpillar infesting soybean. Current Res. 12, 105–106.Google Scholar
Tsai, S. Y., Hwang, G. H. and Dingh, T. (1978) Some insect viruses discovered in China. Acta Entomol. Sinica 21, 101–102.Google Scholar
Watanabe, H. (1976) A Nosema sp. of the Egyptian cotton leafworm, Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera): its morphology, development, host range, and taxonomy. J. Invertebr. Pathol. 28, 321–328.Google Scholar
Wightman, J. A., Dick, K. M., Ranga Rao, G. V., Shanower, T. G. and Gold, C. S. (1990) Pests of groundnut in the semi-arid tropics. Book Chapter In Insect Pests of Food Legumes, (Edited by Singh, S. R.), pp. 243–322. John Wiley and Sons.Google Scholar
Xu, J. L. and Yang, G. Q. (1983) Biology of Microplitis sp. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) a parasitoid of Prodenia litura Fabricius. Natural Enemies of Insects 5, 12–13.Google Scholar
Zaz, G. M. and Kushwaha, K. S. (1983) Quantitative incidence of tobacco caterpillar, S.litura (F). and related natural enemies in cole crops. Indian J. Entomol. 45, 201–202.Google Scholar