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Tsetse and Bovine Trypanosomosis Incidence at Egbe in the Derived Savanna Zone of Nigeria

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

George A. Omoogun  and
O. A. Akinboade
George A. Omoogun
Affiliation:
Nigerian Institute for Trypanosomiasis Research, P.M.B. 03, Vom, Plateau State, Nigeria
O. A. Akinboade
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
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Abstract

A two-year survey was undertaken to determine the trypanosomosis risk of Egbe, a town in Kogi state of Nigeria, and its suitability for cattle raising. Tsetse flies were trapped using biconical traps and examined for trypanosome infection, and blood samples from cattle and goats were examined by blood film and haematocrit centrifugation technique (HCT) for trypanosome parasites. No infection was detected from the 152 Glossina palpalis palpalis and 52 G. tachinoides dissected over the period. Blood film examination of 181 cattle and 14 goats also gave negative results. Examination by HCT of 21 cattle from a local abattoir showed 14.3% Trypanosoma vivax infection, but the 10 resident cattle and 14 goats similarly examined were negative. The average age of the caught flies, determined by mean wing fray values (for males) and ovarian analysis (for females), was between 11 and 14 days, which is too low to sustain an infective population. Coupled with the absence of G. morsitans submorsitans, the most important vector of animal trypanosomosis in Nigeria, and the disappearance of large game from Egbe, our results would point to the area being a low trypanosomosis risk one.

Résumé

Une enquête a été menée sur une période de deux ans afin de déterminer le degré du risque de trypanosomiase à Egbe, une ville dans l'état fédéral de Kogi au Nigéria, et son importance dans l'élevage du bétail. Les mouches tsé-tsé ont été capturées au moyen des pièges biconiques puis examinées pour leur infection par les trypanosomes. De même des échantillons de sang prélevés des vaches et chèvres ont été examinés par frottis et par centrifugation du sang pour détecter les trypanosomes. Aucune infection n'a été détectée dans 152 mouches de Glossina palpalis et 52 G. tachinoides disséquées au cours de la période. L'examen des frottis de sang de 181 vaches et de 14 chèvres a également donné des résultats négatifs. L'examen par centrifigation de sang provenant de 21 vaches d'un abattoir local a montré 14,3% d'infection de Trypanosoma vivax, mais 10 vaches et 14 chèvres aux alentours examinées par la même technique ont donné des résultats négatifs. L'âge moyen des mouches attrapées se situait entre 11 et 14 jours tel que déterminé par la longueur de l'effilochure des ailes (pour les mâles) et l'examen des ovaires (pour les femelles). Cet âge était trop bas pour donner lieu à une population contagieuse. Compte tenu de à l'absence de G. morsitans submorsitans, le vecteur le plus important de trypanosomiase animale au Nigéria et sa disparition du complexe d'Egbe, nos résultats débouchent sur la conclusion que la zone comporte un bas risque de trypanosomiase.

Keywords

trypanosomosis riskEgbeNigeriacattle populationrelocationGlossina palpalis palpalisGlossina tachinoidesGlossina morsitans submorsitansGlossina longipalpisTrypanosoma vivaxbas risque de trypanosomiaseEgbeNigériacheptel bovinrelocalisationGlossina palpalis palpalisGlossina tachinoidesGlossina morsitans submorsitansGlossina longipalpisTrypanosoma vivax
Type
Short Communications
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 20 , Issue 3 , September 2000 , pp. 215 - 219
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 2000

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