Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-gb8f7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-27T22:58:09.824Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Some aspects of the biology of Callosobruchus subinnotatus (Pic) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) a pest of stored bambarra groundnuts

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

George N. Mbata
Affiliation:
School of Biological Sciences, Imo State University, PMB 2000, Okigwe, Nigeria
Get access

Abstract

Some aspects of the biology of Callosobruchus subinnotatus (Pic) were investigated at controlled conditions. Temperature and relative humidity were found to have effect on oviposition, development and longevity of adults. The best condition for oviposition was 30°C, 80% r.h. at which the mean number of eggs laid was 135.8 and the worst condition was 35°C, 50% r.h. at which 61.1 eggs were laid per female. Oviposition lasted very long at 25°C and was too short at 35°C. Relative humidity favoured oviposition at 30 and 35 but not at 25°C. The beetles were found to be positively phototactic as more eggs were laid at 12 hr light and 12 hr dark (105.1 eggs) and continuous light (98.6) than at continuous darkness (43.0).

Duration of development was shorter at 35°C than at other temperatures investigated. The shortest developmental period was at 35°C, 80 % r.h. (23.2 days) while longest was at 25°C, 50 % r.h. (42.6 days). While development was shorter at 35°C, more progenies were produced at 30°C and the rate of increase was better enhanced at 30°C. Adults were heavier when reared at lower temperatures and high humidities than at high temperatures and low humidities. Adults lived longer at lower temperatures and high humidities than at higher temperatures and lower humidities. The females were heavier and lived longer than the males.

Résumé

Quelques aspects de la biologie de Callosobruchus subinnotatus (Pic) étaient vérifiés à des conditions controllées. La température et l'humidité relative, d'après les investigations, influencent l'oviposition, le développement et la longévité des adultes. La meilleure condition pour l'oviposition étai 30°C, 80% r.h. à laquelle le nombre moyen d'oeufs étaient produits par femelle.

L'oviposition a duré longtemps à 25°C mais était trop éphemeère à 35°C. L'humidité relative a favorisé l'oviposition 30 ét a 35°C mais pas à 25°C. Les scarabés, selon l'enquête, étaient positivement phototactiques puisque plus d'oeufs se sont profuits 12 hr lumiére, 12h obscur (105.1) et continuous des lumiére (98.6) qu'a continua desobscur (43.0).

La durée du développement était plus rapide à 35°C qu'aux autres températures qui ont été vérifiées. La période de développement la plus courte était à 35°C, 80%r.h. (23.2 jours) tandisque la plus longue était 25°C, 50% r.h. (42.6 jours). Bien que le développement soit plus rapide à 35°C; plus de progénies étaient produites à 30°C et le taux d'augmentation était mieux mis en valeur à 30 qu'à 35°C. Les adultes étaient plus gros lorsque produits à des températures basses et humidités plus élevées qu'à des températures élevées et humidités basses.

Les adultes ont vécu plus longtemps à des températures basses et hautes humidités qu'à de hautes températures et humidités basses. Les femelles étaient plus grosses et vivaient plus longtemps que les mâles.

Type
Research Articles
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1990

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Boughdad, A., Gillon, Y. and Gagnepain, C. (1987) Effect of Arachis hypogaea seed fats on the larval development of Callosobruchus maculatus (F). J. Stored Prod. Res. 23, 99103.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Burkhill, I. H. (1966) Voandzeia Thouars. In A Dictionary of Economic Products of the Malay Peninsula. Kaula Lumpur, Malaysia. Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperative, Vol. 2 pp. 22912292.Google Scholar
Giga, D. P. and Smith, R. H. (1987) Egg production and development of Callosobruchus maculatus (F) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) on several commodities at two different temperatures. J. Stored Prod. Res. 23, 915.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Madge, D. S. (1961) The control of relative humidity with aqueous solutions of sodium hydroxide. Enlomol. Exp. Appl. 4, 143147.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Prevett, P. F. (1966) Observations on the biology of six species of Bruchidae (Coleoptera) in Northern Nigeria. Enlomol. Mon. Mag. 102, 174180.Google Scholar
Prevetl, P. F. (1967) Notes on the biology, food plants and distribution of Nigerian Bruchidae (Coleoptera) with particular reference to the Northern region. Bull. Enlomol. Soc. Niger. 1, 36.Google Scholar
Prevett, P. F. (1970) Callosobruchus subinnotalus (Pic) (Coleoptera, Bruchidae)—a potential pest of stored groundnuts. J. Stored Prod. Res. 6, 279280.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rachie, K. O. (1974) Secondary food legumes. In Guide for Field Crops in the Tropics and Subtropics (Edited by Litzenberger, S. C.), pp. 162169. Technical Assistance Bureau, Agency for International Development Washington, D.C.Google Scholar
Rachie, K. O. and Roberts, L. M. (1974) Grain legumes of the lowland tropics. Adv. Agron. 26, 1132.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rachie, K. O. and Silvestre, P. (1977) Grain legume. In Food of the Lowland Tropics (Edited by Leakey, C. L. A. and Wills, J. B.), Oxford University Press, London, U.K. pp. 4144.Google Scholar
Solomon, M. E. (1957) Estimation of humidity with cobalt thiocyanatc papers and permanent colour standards. Bull, enlomol. Res. 48, 489506.Google Scholar
Southgate, B. J. (1958) Systematic noteson species of Callosobruchus of economic importance. Bull. enlomol. Res. 49, 591598.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Southgate, B. J. (1965) Pulse Bruchids of Africa. Proc. 12th Int.Congr. Enlomol. London 1964. p. 642.Google Scholar
Southgate, B. J. (1979) Biology of the Bruchidae. A. Rev. Entomol. 24, 449473.CrossRefGoogle Scholar