Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-t5tsf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-05T03:31:39.420Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Prothoracicotropic Hormone and Ecdysone Action on Moulting in the Penultimate Instar of Tobacco Cut Worm, Spodoptera litura (F.)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

K. Karaiyan ,
T. Thangaraj  and
M. Aruchami
K. Karaiyan
Affiliation:
Post Graduate and Research Department of ZoologyKongu Nadu Arts and Science College, Coimbatore-641 029India E-mail: [email protected]
T. Thangaraj
Affiliation:
Post Graduate and Research Department of ZoologyKongu Nadu Arts and Science College, Coimbatore-641 029India E-mail: [email protected]
M. Aruchami
Affiliation:
Post Graduate and Research Department of ZoologyKongu Nadu Arts and Science College, Coimbatore-641 029India E-mail: [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

Spodoptera litura (F.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a serious pest of several crops in India and other countries. Prothoracicotropic hormone (PTTH) release from the brain of penultimate fifth instars of the noctuid was followed in the laboratory and a spiracle index developed to assess PTTH action. PTTH release from the brain occurred during the scotophase at 4.30 h of day 1 (AZT). Ecdysone secreted in the prothoracic gland was released from the 7th hour of day 1 (AZT), reaching a maximum in the haemolymph on the 9th hour of day 1 (AZT). The prothoracic gland showed three distinct phases, namely growth, synthesis and release. Injected PTTH of 5th instar brain extract induced larval moulting in head-ligated larvae. Partially purified PTTH from 6th-instar S. litura brain induced moulting in 6th instars. Abdomen-ligated penultimate instars administered β-ecdysone showed variable moulting response. The phenomenon of hormonal interaction with development of the penultimate instar of S. litura is discussed.

Résumé

Spodoptera litura (F) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) est un ravageur important de nombreuses cultures en Inde et dans d'autres pays. La production de l'hormone prothoracicotrope (PTTH) libérée par le cerveau du 5ème stade larvaire de la noctuelle a été suivie au laboratoire et un indice d'ouverture des stigmates établit afin de mesurer l'action de la PTTH. La production de PTTH par le cerveau est observée pendant la scotophase à 4h30 le premier jour (AZT). L'ecdysone, produite par la glande prothoracique, est émise à partir de la 7ème heure le premier jour et atteint une teneur maximale dans l'hémolymphe 2 heures plus tard (AZT). La glande prothoracique passe par trois états successifs, à savoir une phase de croissance, une phase de synthèse et une phase d'émission. L'injection de PTTH extrait du cerveau du 5ème stade larvaire de la noctuelle induit la mue larvaire d'une larve dont la tête a été ligaturée. Une purification partielle de la PTTH du cerveau de larve de 6ème stade de S. litura induit la mue du 6ème stade larvaire. L'administration de b-ecdysone à des chenilles de 5ème stade ayant une ligature abdominale se traduit par un comportement de mue variable. L'incidence des interactions hormonales sur le développement de l'avant dernier stade larvaire de S. litura est discutée.

Keywords

Spodoptera lituraprothoracicotropic hormonePTTHecdysonemoultingSpodoptera liturahormone prothoracicotropePTTHecdysonemue
Type
Research Articles
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 22 , Issue 3 , September 2002 , pp. 225 - 234
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 2002

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Beck, S. D. (1970) Neural and hormonal control of pupation in Galleria mellonella (Lepidoptera: Galleriidae). Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 63, 144–149.Google Scholar
Bollenbacher, W. E. and Gilbert, L. I. (1981) Neuroendocrine control of insect postembryonic development. The prothoracicotropic hormone, pp. 363–372. In Neurosecretion, Molecules, Cells Systems (Edited by Farner, D. S. and Lederis, K.). Plenum Press, New York.Google Scholar
Bollenbacher, W.E. and Granger, N. A. (1985) Endocrinology of the prothoracicotropic hormone, pp. 109–151. In Comprehensive Insect Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Vol. 7 (Edited by Kerkut, G. A. and Gilbert, L. I.). Pergaman Press, Oxford.Google Scholar
Bollenbacher, W. E., Katahira, E. J., O'Braien, M., Gilbert, L. I., Thomas, M.K., Agui, N. and Baumhover, A. H. (1984) Insect prothoracicotropic hormone, Evidence of two molecular forms. Science 224, 1243–1245.Google Scholar
Borst, D. W. and O'Connor, J. D. (1972) Arthropod molting hormone: Radio immune assay. Science 178, 418–419.Google Scholar
Fukuda, S. (1944) The hormonal mechanism of larval molting and metamorphosis in the silkworm. Jap. Sci. Tokyo Univ. Soc. 6, 477–532.Google Scholar
Gibbs, D. and Riddiford, L. M. (1977) Prothoracicotropic hormone in Manduca sexta: Localization by larval bioassay. J. Exp. Biol. 66, 255–266.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gilbert, L. I., Bollenbacher, W. E., Agui, A., Granger, N. A., Sedlak, B. J., Gibbs, D. and Buys, C. M. (1981) The prothoracicotropes; source of prothoracicotropic hormone. Am. Zool. 21, 641–653.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hodgetts, R. B., Sage, B. and O'Connor, J. D. (1977) Ecdysone titres during post embryonic development of Drosophila melanogaster. Dev. Biol. 60, 310–317.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ishizaki, H., Mizoguchi, A., Fujishita, M., Suzuki, A., Moriya, L., O'Oka, H., Kitaoka, H., Isogai, A., Nagasawa, H., Tamura, S. and Suzuki, A. (1983) Species specificity of the insect prothoracicotropic hormone (FTTH). The presence of Bombyx and Samia specific FTTH in the brain of Bombyx mori. Develop. Growth Differ. 25, 593–600.Google Scholar
Kelly, T. J., Masler, E. P., Thyagaraja, B. S., Bell, R. A. and Imberski, R. B. (1992) Development of an in vitro assay for prothoracicotropic hormone of the gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar following studies on identification, titers and synthesis of ecdysteroids in the last instar females. J. Comp. Physiol. 162 B, 581–587.Google Scholar
Kiguchi, K. and Agui, N. (1981) Ecdysteroid levels and developmental events during larval molting in the silkworm, Bombyx mori. J. Insect Physiol. 27, 805–812.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
La Font, R., Mauchamp, B., Boulay, G. and Tarroux, P. (1975) Developmental studies in Pieris brassicae (Lepidoptera) I. Growth of various tissues during the last larval instar. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 51B, 439–444.Google Scholar
Leob, M. J. and Hayes, D. K. (1980) Critical periods in the regulation of the pupal molt of the tobacco budworm, Heliothis virescens. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 73, 679–682.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Locke, M. (1970) The molt/intermolt cycle in the epidermis and other tissues of an insect, Calpodes ethlius (Lepidoptera: Hesperidae). Tissue Cell 2, 197–223.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Matsuo, N., Aizono, Y., Funatsu, G., Funatsu, M. and Kobayashi, M. (1985) Purification and some properties of prothoracicotropic hormone in the silkworm, Bombyx mori. Insect Biochem. 15, 189–195.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mizoguchi, A., Ishizaki, H., Nagasawa, H., Kataoka, H., Isogai, N. A., Tamura, S., Suzuki, A., Fujishita, M. and Kitada, C. (1987) A monoclonal antibody against a synthetic fragment of bombyxin (4k-prothoracicotropic hormone) from the silk moth, Bombyx mori: Characterization of an immuno histochemistry. Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 51, 227–235.Google Scholar
Moussa, M. A., Zaher, M. A. and Kotby, F. (1960) Abundance of cotton leafworm, Prodenia litura in relation to host plants. I. Host plants and their effect on biology (Lepidoptera: Agrotidae-Zenobiinae) Bull. Soc. Entomol. Egypt. 44, 241–251.Google Scholar
Nagasawa, H., Kataoka, H., Hori, Y., Isogai, A., Tamura, S., Suzuki, A., Guo, E., Zhong, X., Mizoguchi, A., Fujishita, M., Takahashi, S. Y., Ohinishi, E. and Ishizaki, H. (1984) Isolation and some characterization of the prothoracicotropic hormone from Bombyx mori. Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. 53, 143–152.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nagasawa, H., Kataoka, H., Isogai, A., Tamura, S., Suzuki, A. X., Mizoguchi, A., Fujiwara, Y., Suzuki, A., Takahashi, Y. E. and Ishizaki, H. (1986) Amino acid sequence of a prothoracicotropic hormone of the silkworm, Bombyx mori. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 83, 5840–5843.Google Scholar
Okuda, M., Sakurai, S. and Ohtaki, T. (1985) Activity of the prothoracic gland and its sensitivity to prothoracicotropic hormone in the penultimate and last-larval instar of Bombyx mori. J. Insect Physiol. 31, 455–161.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pittenridgh, C.W. (1965) On the mechanism of entertainment of a circadian rhythm by light cycles, pp. 276–297. In Circadian Clocks (Edited by Aschoff, J.). North Holland, Amsterdam.Google Scholar
Rabeeth, M. (1998) Studies on the hormones and enzymes associated with moulting and metamorphosis in the larval and pupal stages of the tobacco cutworm, Spodoptera litura and cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera. PhD thesis submitted to Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India. 82 pp.Google Scholar
Suzuki, C. and Ishizaki, H. (1986) Prothoracicotropic hormone bioassay: Bombyx larval bioassay. J. Invertebr. Reprod. Develop. 10, 259–274.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Truman, J. W. and Riddiford, L. M. (1974) Physiology of insect rhythms III. The temporal organization of the endocrine events underlying pupation of the tobacco hornworm. J. Exp. Biol. 60, 371–382.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Truman, J.W., Riddiford, L.M. and Safranek, L. (1973) Hormonal control of cuticle coloration in the tobacco hornworm, Manduca sexta: Basis of an ultrasensitive bioassay for juvenile hormone. J. Insect Physiol. 19, 195–203.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zimoswska, G., Handler, A. M. and Cymborowski, B. (1985) Cellular event in the prothoracic glands and ecdysteroid titres during the last larval instar of Spodoptera littoralis. J. Insect Physiol. 31, 331–340.Google Scholar