Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t7fkt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-28T14:21:51.975Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Preliminary survey of odours that attract the black fly, Simulium arcticum (Malloch) (IIS-10.11) (Diptera: Simuliidae) to its cattle hosts in the Athabasca region of Alberta

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

James F. Sutcliffe ,
Joseph A. Shemanchuk  and
Donald B. McKeown
James F. Sutcliffe
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, Trent University, Peterborough, Ont., K9J 7B8
Joseph A. Shemanchuk
Affiliation:
Livestock Sciences Section, Agriculture Canada Research Station, Lethbridge, Alberta, TIJ 4B1
Donald B. McKeown
Affiliation:
Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ont., N2B 1N6
Get access

Abstract

Results of a field survey of certain host-related and off-the-shelf compounds as possible attractants for the black fly, Simulium arcticum (Malloch) (IIS-10.11) (Diptera: Simuliidae), are reported. Silhouette traps were baited with carbon dioxide and candidate attractants in an incomplete randomised block design. Carbon dioxide alone exerted a strong attractant effect on this species. Both acetone and crude whole body odour of cattle (tested in combination with carbon dioxide) were significantly more attractive than carbon dioxide alone (control). Although bovine urine produced larger catches than control (carbon dioxide only) traps, the effect was not statistically significant. Other odours tested in combination with carbon dioxide, including fractions of the crude bovine odour and l-octen-3-ol (a potent tsetse fly attractant), were without apparent attractant effect when compared to the carbon dioxide-only control.

Résumé

Les résultats d'une étude préliminaire menée au champ de certains composés dérivés de l'hôte ou disponible commercialement comme appât possible de la mouche noire [Simulium arcticum (Malloch) (IIS-10.11) (Diptera: Simuliidae)] sont présentés. Des pièges à silhouette émettant du dioxide de carbon ont été ammorçés avec les appâts selon un dispositif expérimental en blocs incomplets. Le dioxide de carbon a exercé un puissant pouvoir attractif sur cette espèce lorsqu'employé seul. L'acetone ainsi que l'odeur corporelle brute du bétail ont accru de façon significative l'attirance des trappes amettant du dioxide de carbon. L'urine de bovine n'a eu aucun effet significatif quoiqu'elle a permis la capture d'un plus grand nombre d'insectes que les trappes témoins. D'autres odeurs testées, telles que diverses fractions de l'odeur brute de bovin et l'octénol (un puissant appât de la mouche tsétsé), se sont avérées sans aucun effet apparent pour ce cytotype de S. arcticum.

Keywords

black flybovine urineSimulium arcticumsilhouette trapsattractantsbody odourmouche noireurine de bovinSimulium arcticumpièges à silhouetteappâtsodeur corporelle
Type
Research Articles
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 15 , Issue 4-5 , October 1994 , pp. 487 - 494
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1994

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Dransfield, R. D., Brightwell, R., Kyorku, C. and Williams, B. (1990) Control of tsetse fly (Diptera, Glossinidae) populations using traps at Nguruman. Bull. Ent. Res. 80, 265–276.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fallis, A. M. and Smith, S. M. (1964) Ether extracts from birds and CO2 as attractants for some ornithophilic simuliids. Can. J. Zool. 42, 723–730.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fredeen, F. J. H. (1961) A trap for studying the attacking behaviour of black flies, Simulium arcticum Mall. Can. Entomol. 93, 73–78.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
French, F. E. and Kline, D. L. (1989) l-octen-3-ol, an effective attractant of Tabanidae (Diptera). J. Med. Entomol. 26, 459–461.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kline, D. L., Takken, W., Wood, J. R. and Carlson, D. A. (1990a) Field studies on the potential of butanone, carbon dioxide, honey extract, 1-octen-3-ol, L-lactic acid and phenols as attractants for mosquitoes. Med. Vet. Entomol. 4, 383–391.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kline, D. L., Wood, J. R. and Morris, C. D. (1990b) Evaluation of 1-octen-3-ol as an attractant for Coquilletidia perturbans, Mansonia spp. and Culex spp. associated with phosphate mining operations. J. Amer. Mosq. Control Assoc. 6, 605–611.Google Scholar
Kline, D. L., Wood, J. R. and Cornell, J. A. (1991) Interactive effects of 1-octen-3-ol and carbon dioxide on mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae) surveillance and control. J. Med. Entomol. 28, 254–258.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Laird, M., Aubin, A., Belton, P., Chance, M. M., Fredeen, F. J. H., Haufe, W. O., Hynes, H. B. N., Lewis, D. J., Lindsay, J. S., McLean, D. M., Surgeoner, G. A., Wood, D. M. and Sutton, M. D. (1982) Biting flies in Canada: Health effects and economic consequences. NRCC Publication #19248, 157 pp.Google Scholar
Mason, P. G. (1986) Evaluation of a “cow-type’ silhouette trap with and without CO2 bait for monitoring populations of adult Simulium luggeri (Diptera: Simuliidae). J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. 2, 482–484.Google ScholarPubMed
Okech, M. and Hassanali, A. (1990) The origin of phenolic tsetse attractants from host urine—Studies on the pro-attractants and microbes involved. Insect Sci. Applic. 11, 363–368.Google Scholar
Owaga, M. L. A. (1985) Observations of the efficacy of buffalo urine as a potent olfactory attractant for Glossina pallidipes Austen. Insect Sci. Applic. 6, 561–566.Google Scholar
Procunier, W. S. (1984) Cytological identification of pest species of the Simulium arcticum complex present in the Athabasca River and associated tributaries. Alberta Farming for the Future Final Report F-1020, 44 pp.Google Scholar
Shipp, J. L. (1985) Comparison of silhouette, sticky, and suction traps with and without dry-ice baits for sampling black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) in Central Alberta. Can. Ent. 117, 113–117.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sutcliffe, J. F. (1986) Black fly host location: A review. Can. J. Zool. 64, 1041–1053.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sutcliffe, J. F. (1987) Distance orientation of biting flies to their hosts. Insect Sci. Applic. 8, 611–616.Google Scholar
Takken, W. (1991) The role of olfaction in host-seeking mosquitoes: A review. Insect Sci. Applic. 11, 287–295.Google Scholar
Takken, W. and Kline, D. L. (1989) Carbon dioxide and 1-octen-3-ol as mosquito attractants. J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. 5, 311–316.Google ScholarPubMed
Thompson, B. H. (1976a) Studies on the attraction of Simulium damnosum s.1. (Diptera: Simuliidae) to its hosts. I. The relative importance of sight, exhaled breath and smell. Z. Tropenmed. Parasitol. 27, 455–473.Google Scholar
Thompson, B. H. (1976b) Studies on the attraction of Simulium damnosum s.1. (Diptera: Simuliidae). II. The nature of the substances on the human skin responsible for attractant olfactory stimuli. Z. Tropenmed. Parasitol. 27, 83–90.Google Scholar
Vale, G. A. and Hall, D. R. (1985) The use of 1-octen-3-ol, acetone and carbon dioxide to improve baits for tsetse flies, Glossina spp. (Diptera: Glossinidae). Bull. Ent. Res. 75, 219–231.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vale, G. A., Lovemore, D. F., Flint, S. and Cockbill, G. F. (1988) Odour-baited targets to control tsetse flies, Glossina spp. (Diptera: Glossinidae) in Zimbabwe. Bull. Ent. Res. 78, 31–49.CrossRefGoogle Scholar