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Potential for the use of genetic methods for the control of Chilo spp.

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

V. A. O. Okoth
V. A. O. Okoth
Affiliation:
The International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), Mbita Point Field Station, P. O. Box 30, Mbita, Kenya
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Abstract

The control of pest populations through the manipulation of their genetic component or mechanism of inheritance is becoming increasingly important. Two of the most promising genetic methods for the control of iepidopteran insects are inherited or F1 and hybrid sterility.

To induce F1 sterility in C. partellus, male pupae were irradiated with various doses of gamma radiation (0–15 krad) and emerging adults of normal appearance were used in crosses with normal females. The F1 progeny were reared on artificial diet and the resulting adult males were crossed with unirradiated females to give F2, the process being repeated until F5 progeny were obtained. For each generation lifespan of males, oviposition, egg hatchability and sex ratio were carefully recorded. The results showed that females mated with irradiated males oviposited significantly fewer eggs than normal and that this phenomenon was perpetuated over several generations. Hatchability of eggs laid by females mated to irradiated males or male progeny was significantly lower than that of the controls and sex ratio was distorted slightly in favour of males in all generations observed. The lower oviposition, lower egg hatch, distortion of sex ratio in favour of males and the apparent persistence of sterility over several generations offer the potential of inherited sterility for the control of C. partellus.

Résumé

L'utilisation des manipulations génétiques et des mécanismes d'hérédite, comme moyens de lutte contre les ravageurs de cultures devient de plus en plus importante. La stérilité héritée ou stérilité en F1 sont les deux methods les plus promettantes.

Pour induire la stérilité en F1 chez C. partellus males, des pupes ont été exposes à des doses varieés de rayons gamma (0–15 krad), les adultes d'apparence normale qui ont émergés ont été croisés avec des femelles normales. La génération F1 obtenue a été éleve sur un milieu de culture artificiel et ses adultes mâles ont été croisés une fois de plus avec des femelles normales produisant ainsi la génération F2. Cet exercise a été répété jusqu'a l'obtension de la génération F5. Pour chacune des generations la durée de vie des mâles, l'oviposition, l'éclosion des oeufs et le taux sexuel ont été soigneusement enregistrés. Les résultats ont montré que les femelles croisées avec des mâles irradiés pondaient peu d'oeufs par rapport à la normale et que ce phénomenè se répétait sur plusieurs générations.

D'autre part l'éclosion des oeufs ainsi obtenus a été significativement plus basse que celle des contrôles et le taux sexuel change légèrement en faveur des mâles dans toutes les générations observées. La baisse de l'oviposition, de l'éclosion des oeufs, la modification du taux sexuel en faveur des mâles et la persistance apparente de la stérilité sur plusieurs générations contribuent à la sterilité héritée qui est un moyen potentiel de lutte contre C. partellus.

Keywords

Cereal stem borerChilo partelluslepidopteragenetic controlF1 sterilityegg ovipositionegg hatchabilitysex ratioForers de tiges de cérealChilo partelluslépidoptèrecontrol génètiquestérilité en F1ovipositionéclosion des oeufstaux sexuel
Type
Cultural, Genetic and Chemical Control
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 11 , Special Issue 4-5: Tropical Stem Borers of Graminaceous Crops: A New Synthesis , October 1990 , pp. 713 - 718
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1990

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