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Morphogenetic abnormalities of alatiform mustard aphid, Lipaphis erysimi following topical application of juvenile hormone analogues

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

Gursharan Singh  and
H. S. Sidhu
Gursharan Singh
Affiliation:
Department of Processing and Agricultural Structures, College of Agricultural Engineering Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141 004, India
H. S. Sidhu
Affiliation:
Department of Processing and Agricultural Structures, College of Agricultural Engineering Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141 004, India
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Abstract

Two juvenile hormone analogues (JHAs), R-20458 (6, 7-epoxy-l (p-ethylphenoxy)-3, 7-dimethyl-2-octene) and ZR-512 (ethyl 3, 7, ll-trimethy1-2, 4-dodecadienoate) were topically applied to various instars of mustard aphid, Lipaphis erysimi (Kalt), delivering doses ranging from 0.000015 to 1.0 μg in acetone on the dorsum of each test insect with the help of a microsyringe. Deformed individuals were categorized as adultoids (crumpled and twisted wings), nymphal-adult intermediates (sclerotized wing pads) and supernumerary nymphs (one extra moulting) and a scale was devised to asssess the extent of deformities. The process of embryogenesis was observed to be normal and the adultoids and nymphal-adult intermediates (with normal gonopores) reproduced normally. Only in case of supernumerary nymphs where gonopores were absent and those intermedites which had occluded gonopores, parturition could not take place. Antennae, legs and cornicles of the deformed individuals also exhibited some degree of deformation due to the hormone treatment. The third, second, fourth and first instar aphids ranked in descending order in developing abnormalities under exposure to the JHAs; a dose as low as 0.000015 μg/aphid of ZR-512, significantly deranged the morphogenesis of the third instar aphids. The lowest doses imparting significant degrees of abnormality to the aphid were 0.0039 and 0.00006 μg/aphid for R-20458 and ZR-512, respectively; showing the latter as more potent agent of morphogenetic abnormalities.

Résumé

Deux analogues d'hormone juvénile, R-20458 (6, 7-epoxy-l (p-ethylphenoxy)-3, 7-dimethyl-2-octène) et ZR-512 (ethyl 3, 7, ll-trimethyl-2,4-dodecadienoate), extraits d'acetone, ont été appliqués localement à différents stades du puceron de la moutarde, Lipaphis erysimi (Kalt), à des doses variant entre 0.000015 et 1.0 microgramme en dilution, sur le dorsum de chaque insecte experimental à l'aide d'une microseringue. Les malformations obsevées ont été groupées en catégories de adultoïdes (ailes froissées et entortillées), intermédiaires entre nymphes et adultes (bourgeons alaires sclérotisés) et nymphes supernuméraires (une mue supplémentaire). Une échelle de catégories a été faite pour évaluer l'étendue des déformations. Le processus d'embryogenèse observé était normal, les adultoïdes et individus intermédiares entre nymphes et adultes qui possédaient des gonopores normaux se sont reproduits normalement. Mais dans le cas des nymphes supernuméraires qui n'ont pas de gonopores et les intermédiaires entre adultes et nymphes dont les gonopores sont obturés, la parturition n'a pas pu avoir lieu. Les antennes, les pattes et cornicules des individus malformés montraient un certain degré de déformation dû au traitement hormonal. Le degré d'anomalies observé varie en decroissant du 3eme, 2eme, 4eme et 1er stade. Une dose aussi faible que 0,0000015 microgramme/puceron de ZR-512 peut provoquer un dérèglement notable de la morphogenèse au 3eme stade de développement des pucerons. Les doses les plus faibles provoquant des malformations notables ont été 0,0039 et 0,00006 microgramme/puceron respectivement pour R-20458 et ZR-512; ce dernier étant l'agent de dérèglement morphogénetique le plus puissant.

Keywords

Juvenile hormone analogues (JHAs)morphogenetic abnormalitiesadultoidnymphaladult intermediatesupernumerary nymphAnalogues d'hormones juvéniles (AHJ)anomalies morphogénetiquesadultoïdesintermédiaires nymphes adultesnymphes supernuméraires
Type
Research Articles
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 13 , Issue 1 , February 1992 , pp. 27 - 33
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1992

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