Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gvvz8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T19:04:03.216Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Mass rearing of Chilo spp. on artificial diets and its use in resistance screening

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

S. L. Taneja  and
Kanayo F. Nwanze
S. L. Taneja
Affiliation:
Cereals Entomology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru. P. O. 502 324, A. P. India
Kanayo F. Nwanze
Affiliation:
Cereals Entomology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru. P. O. 502 324, A. P. India
Get access

Abstract

Several species of Chilo are serious pests of cereal crops. The important species attacking cereals are Chilo agamemnon, C. orichalcociliellus and C. partellus on maize and sorghum; C. auricilius and C. zacconius on sugar-cane, and rice; C. suppressalis on rice; and C. sacchariphagus indicus on sugar-cane. Insects are reared in the laboratory on natural and artificial diets for various purposes, namely for insecticide testing, hormone and pheromone manipulation, biological control, host-plant resistance, etc. Rearing of an insect in the laboratory requires rearing facilities, colony establishment, research and development of rearing techniques, resources, and maintenance of insect quality. All these aspects for rearing major Chilo spp. have been discussed. However, detailed information is available only for C. partellus and C. suppressalis. Techniques used for resistance screening and damage evaluation against spotted stem borer, C. partellus using naturally occurring population and artificial infestation are described.

Résumé

Elevage en masse de Chilo spp. sur des regimes artificiels et son emploi dans le criblage pour la résistance: Plusieurs espèces de Chilo sont des ravageurs dangereux de cultures céréalières. Les espèces importantes qui s'attaquent aux céréales sont Chilo agamemnon, C. orichalcociliellus et C. partellus sur le maïs et le sorgho; C. auricilius et C. zacconius sur la canne à sucre et le riz; C. suppressalis sur le riz; et C. sacchariphagus indicus sur la canne a sucre. L'élevage des insectes en laboratoire sur les régimes naturels et artificiels permet la réalisation de travaux divers, notamment les essais d'insecticides, la manipulation des hormones et de phéromones, la lutte biologique, la résistance de la plante-hôte, etc. Il demande, cependant, la prévision du matériel nécessaire, l'établissement de colonies, la recherche et la mise au point de techniques de l'élevage, les ressources et la conservation de la qualité des insectes. Cet article traite de tous ces aspects de l'élevage de Chilo spp. majeurs. Par contre, des informations détaillées ne sont disponibles que pour C. partellus et pour C. suppressalis.

Sont également decrites, des techniques destinees au criblage pour la resistance et a l'évaluation des dégâts causés par le foreur ponctué du sorgho C. partellus; ces techniques font appel à la population naturelle et l'infestation artificielle.

Keywords

Mass rearingartificial dietresistance screeningChilo spp.ovipositioninsectaryartificial infestation
Type
Rearing and Quality Control
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 11 , Special Issue 4-5: Tropical Stem Borers of Graminaceous Crops: A New Synthesis , October 1990 , pp. 603 - 616
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1990

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Bordat, D., Brenière, J. and Coquard, J. (1977) Borers of African Graminae: Parasitism and rearing technique. Agron. Trop. 32, 391–399.Google Scholar
Bordat, D. and Pichot, M. (1978) Chilo zacconius Blesz. Rearing technique on an artificial medium and observations on its biology in the laboratory. Agron. Trop. 33, 337–343.Google Scholar
Chambers, D. L. (1977) Quality control in mass rearing. Annu. Rev. Entomol. 22, 289–308.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chatterji, S. M., Siddiqui, K. H., Panwar, V. P. S., Sharma, G. C. and Young, W. R. (1968) Rearing of the maize stem borer, Chilo zonellus Swinhoe on artificial diet. Indian J. Entomol. 30, 8–12.Google Scholar
Chatterji, S. M., Young, W. R., Sharma, G. C., Sayi, I. V., Chahal, B. S., Khare, B. P., Rathore, B. P., Rathore, Y. S., Panwar, V. P. S. and Siddiqui, K. H. (1969) Estimation of loss in yield of maize due to insect pests with special reference to borers. Indian J. Entomol. 31, 109–115.Google Scholar
Centro International de Mejoramiento de Maiz y Trigo (CIMMYT) (1977) CIMMYT Review 1977. El Batan, Mexico: Centro International de Mejoramiento de Maiz y Trigo.Google Scholar
Dang, K., Anand, Mohini and Jotwani, M. G. (1970) A simple improved diet for mass rearing of sorghum stem borer, Chilo zonellus (Swinhoe). Indian J. Entomol. 32, 130–133.Google Scholar
Delobel, A. (1975) Chilo orichalcociliellus Strand (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae), foreur des tiges du sorgho et du mais a Madagascar. I. Caracteristiques morphologiques. Cah. ORSTOM Ser. Biol. 10, 3–9.Google Scholar
Easwaramoorthy, S. and Shanmugasundaram, M. (1988) Mass rearing of Sesamia inferens Wlk. and Chilo sacchariphagus indicus (Kapur). In Biocontrol Technology for Sugar-cane Pest Management (Edited by David, H. and Easwaramoorthy, S.), pp. 103–110. Sugar-cane Breeding Institute (ICAR) Coimbatore 64007, India.Google Scholar
Isa, A. L. (1972) A standard technique for rearing Chilo agamemnon Blesz. on an artificial diet. Agric. Res. Rev. 50, 61–64.Google Scholar
Ishii, S. (1952) Some problems on the rearing method of rice stem borer by synthetic media under aseptic conditions. Ayo-kontyu 6, 93–98.Google Scholar
Jotwani, M. G., Chandra, D., Young, W. R., Sukhani, T. R. and Saxena, P. N. (1971) Estimation of avoidable losses caused by insect complex on sorghum hybrid CSH 1 and percentage increase in yield over untreated control. Indian J. Entomol. 33, 375–383.Google Scholar
Kamano, S. (1971) Studies on artificial diets of the rice stem borer, Chilo suppressalis Walker. Bull. Nat. Inst. Agric. Sci. Tokyo, Ser. C25, l–45.Google Scholar
Kamano, S. and Sato, Y. (1985) Chilo suppressalis. In Handbook of Insect Rearing (Edited by Pritam, Singh and Moore, R. F.), Vol II pp. 219–226. Elsevier Science Publishers B. V. The Netherlands.Google Scholar
Keaster, A. J. and Harrendorf, K. (1965) Laboratory rearing of the southwestern corn borer, Zeadiatraea grandiosella, on a wheat germ medium. J. econ. Entomol. 58, 923–924.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Laxminarayana, K. and Soto, P. E. (1971) A technique for mass rearing of sorghum stem borer, Chilo zonellus. Sorghum Newsl. 14, 41–42.Google Scholar
Mehta, Usha K. and David, H. (1978) A laboratory technique for rearing the sugar-cane internode borer, Chilo indicus K. on an artificial medium. Indian Sugar 28, 38–41.Google Scholar
Mihm, John A. (1985) Breeding for host plant resistance to maize stem borers. Insect Sci. Applic. 6, 369–377.Google Scholar
Moorty, M. N. (1973) A technique for mass rearing of Chilo zonellus. Sorghum Newsl. 16, 26–27.Google Scholar
Pant, N. C., Gupta, P. and Nayar, J. K. (1960) Physiological studies of Chilo zonellus Swinh. a pest on maize crop. I. Growth on artificial diets. Proc. Natl. Inst. Science India 26B, 379–383.Google Scholar
Sarup, P., Siddiqui, K. H. and Marwaha, K. K. (1985) Chilo partellus. In Handbook of Insect Rearing (Edited by Singh, Pritam and Moore, R. F.), Vol. II, pp. 211–217. Elsevier Science Publishers B. V. The Netherlands.Google Scholar
Seshu, Reddy K. V. and Davies, J. C. (1979) A new medium for mass rearing of sorghum stem borer, Chilo partellus Swinhoe (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and its use in resistance screening. Indian J. Plant Prot. 6, 48–55.Google Scholar
Sharma, V. K. and Sarup, P. (1978) Formulation of suitable artificial diets for rearing the maize stalk borer, Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) in the laboratory. J. entomol. Res. 2, 43–48.Google Scholar
Siddiqui, K. H. and Chatterji, S. M. (1972) Laboratory rearing of the maize stem borer, Chilo zonellus Swinhoe (Crambidae: Lepidoptera) on a semi-synthetic diet using indigenous ingredients. Indian J. Entomol. 34, 183–185.Google Scholar
Siddiqui, K. H., Sarup, P., Panwar, V. P. S. and Marwaha, K. K. (1977) Evolution of base-gradients to formulate artificial diets for mass rearing of Chilo partellus (Swinhoe). J. entomol. Res. 1, 117–131.Google Scholar
Sato, Y. (1964) A simple technique for mass rearing of the rice stem borer on rice seedlings. Jnp. J. Appl. Entomol. Zool. 8, 6–10.Google Scholar
Taneja, S. L. and Nwanze, Kanayo F. (1988) Mass production of spotted stem borer, Chilo partellus Swinhoe on artificial diet. In Biocontrol Technology for Sugar-cane Pest Management (Edited by David, H. and Easwaramoorthy, S.), pp. 77–92. Sugarcane Breeding Institute (ICAR) Coimbatore, India.Google Scholar
Taneja, S. L. and Leuschner, K. (1985) Methods of rearing, infestation, and evaluation for Chilo partellus resistance in sorghum. In Proc. Int. Sorghum Entomol. Workshop at Texas A & M University, College Station, Texas, USA 15–21 July 1984. Patancheru, A. P. 502 324, India: ICRISAT. pp. 175–188.Google Scholar
Varma, A. and Avasthy, P. N. (1973) An artificial diet for the rearing of stalk borer, Chilo auricilius Dudg. Experientia 29, 1161–1162.Google Scholar