Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-g7gxr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-08T04:59:45.320Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Insect antifeedant, growth-inhibiting and larvicidal compounds from Rapanea melanphloes (Myrsinaceae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

J. O. Midiwo ,
R. W. Mwangi  and
Y. Ghebremeskel
J. O. Midiwo
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, College of Biological and Physical Sciences, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 30197, Nairobi
R. W. Mwangi
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, College of Biological and Physical Sciences, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 30197, Nairobi
Y. Ghebremeskel
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, College of Biological and Physical Sciences, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 30197, Nairobi
Get access

Abstract

The already known benzoquinone, embelin (mixed with rapanone), and two new benzoquinones, myrsinone and myrsinaquinone, were isolated from the Myrsinaceae plant, Rapanea melanphloes (L), Mez. All the three compounds showed antifeedant activity when bioassayed on nymphs of the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria (Forsk). They also inhibited growth of second-instar larvae of mosquito Aedes aegypti at low doses, and had acute lethal effects at higher doses.

Résumé

La bénzoquinone déjà connue, l'embéline (mélangée à la rapanone), et deux nouvelles bénzoquinones, la myrsinone et la myrsinaquinone, ont été isolées de la plante Myrsinaceae, Rapanea melanphloes (L.), Mez. Tous les trois composés ont montré une activité phagodéterrente dans des essais biologiques sur les nymphes du criquet du désert, Schistocerca migratoria (Forsk.). A faible doses ils ont aussi inhibé la croissance et à fortes doses ils ont produit des effets léthaux aigus pour le deuxième stade larvaire chez le moustique Aedes aegypti.

Keywords

Rapanea melanphloesSchistocerca gregariaAedes aegyptiembelinmyrsinonemyrsinaquinonebenzoquinonesantifeedantsgrowth inhibitorslarvicidesRapanea melanphloesSchistocerca gregariaAedes aegyptiembélinemyrsinonemyrsinaquinonebenzoquinonesphagodéterrentsinhibiteurs de croissancelarvicides
Type
Research Articles
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 16 , Issue 2 , June 1995 , pp. 163 - 166
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1995

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Butterworth, J. H. and Morgan, E. D. (1971) Investigation of the locust feeding inhibition of the seeds of the neem tree, Azadirachta indica. J. Insect Physiol. 17, 969–977.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ghebremeskel, Y. (1991) Chemical analysis of Rapanea melanphloes (Myrsinaceae) alkylbenzoquinones and some of their biological activities. MSc thesis, University of Nairobi.Google Scholar
Kokwaro, J. O. (1976) Medicinal Plants of East Africa. East Africa Literature Bureau, Nairobi.Google Scholar
Midiwo, J. O., Arot, L. M. and Mbakaya, C. L. (1988) Distribution of benzoquinone pigments in Kenyan Myrsinaceae. Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2, 83–85.Google Scholar
Mwangi, R. W. and Rembold, H. (1988) Growth-inhibiting and larvicidal effects of Melia volkensii extracts on Aedes aegypti larvae. Entomol. Exp. Appl. 46, 103–108.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ogawa, H. and Natori, S. (1968) Hydroxybenzoquinones from Myrsinaceae plants-II. Distribution among Myrsinaceae plants in Japan. Phytochem. 7, 773–782.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zebitz, C. P. W. (1986) Effects of three neem seed kernel extracts and azadirachtin on larvae of different mosquito species. J. Appl. Entomol. 102, 445–463.CrossRefGoogle Scholar