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Influence of constant temperatures on the developmental rate, progeny production, sex ratio and adult longevity of the grape mealybug parasitoid, Anagyrus dactylopii (How.) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae)*

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

M. Mani  and
A. Krishnamoorthy
M. Mani
Affiliation:
Biological Control Laboratory I, Division of Entomology and Nematology, Indian Institute of Horticultural Research (I. I. H. R.), Bangalore-560 089, India
A. Krishnamoorthy
Affiliation:
Biological Control Laboratory I, Division of Entomology and Nematology, Indian Institute of Horticultural Research (I. I. H. R.), Bangalore-560 089, India
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Abstract

The effects of six constant temperatures ranging from 15 to 40°C on the rate of development, progeny production, sex ratio and adult longevity of the grape mealybug parasitoid, Anagyrus dactylopii (How.) were determined. It was found to complete the development in the temperature regimes of20–35°C but neither sex emerged as adults at 15 and 40°C. Developmental time of male and female decreased from 32.75 to 10 days, and from 34.50 to 11.75 days respectively, as the temperature increased from 20–35°C. Progeny production increased with the rise in temperature up to 30°C, and a maximum of 182 offspring emerged at 30°C. Sex ratio was altered considerably by different temperatures. Maximum female progeny was also obtained at 30°. Adult longevity of both sexes declined with increasing temperature. Mean longevity of male reduced from 2730 days at 15°C to 2.75 days at 40°C. The findings on the effects of temperature in relation to the rearing in the laboratory and the activity of Anagyrus dactylopii in the field are also discussed.

Résumé

Les effets de 6 températures constantes comprises entre 15 et 40°C sur le taux de développement, l'accroissement de la progéniture, le sex ratio et la longevité imaginale du parasitoïde de la cochenille farineuse du raisin sont étudiés. Entre 20 et 35° C, le cycle biologique a puêtre bouclé alors qu'entre 15 et 40° C aucun adulte, quelque soit le sexe, n'a pu emerger. La durée du cycle biologique au niveau des 2 sexes avec l'élèvement de la température de 20 à 30°C a chuté respectivement de 32.75 à 10 jours. La progéniture augmente avec l'accroissement de la température jusqu'à 30°C où elle atteint le maximun de 182. Le sex ratio a subi des variations considérables suivant les températures. Un maximun de descendance femeile est obtenu à 30°C. La longevité des 2 sexes décroît avec l'accroissement de la température. La longevité moyenne d'un mâle dimunie de 27.7 jours à 15°C à 2.75 à 40°C et celle de la femellle de 42 jours à 15°C à 8 jours à 40°C. Les effets de la température dans les conditions d'élevage en laboratoire, et l'activité d'Anagyrus dactylopii en conditions naturelles sont discutés.

Keywords

Temperaturedevelopmental rateprogeny productionsex ratioadult longevityencyrtidparasitoidhymenopteramealybuggrapesAnagyrus dactylopiiTempératuretaux de développementaugmentation de la progénituresex ratiolongevité des adultesencyrtideparasitoïdehymenopièrecochenille farineuseraisinAnagyrus dactylopii
Type
Research Articles
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 13 , Issue 5 , October 1992 , pp. 697 - 703
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1992

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