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Growth of Chilo Partellus (Swinhoe) on Different Maize Cultivars

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

Seema Das  and
H. C. Agarwal
Seema Das
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India
H. C. Agarwal
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India
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Abstract

Four cultivars of maize, Zea mays L. viz., CM 600, Basilocal, CM 500 and Kisan were examined for their relative resistance to the maize stem borer, chilo partellus (Swinhoe) in relation to nutrition. Freshly hatched larvae of C. partellus were allowed to grow on the leaf whorls of the cultivars in the laboratory at 27 ±.2°C and 70–90% r.h. The rate of growth, food consumption and its utilization, egg laying and egg hatchability were studied. The insects showed better growth when fed CM 600 or Basilocal maize; this was shown by a higher percentage pupation (56.8 and 54.8, respectively on CM 600 and Basilocal) as compared to (24.4 and 5.6 respectively) on CM 500 and Kisan. Pupal weights were higher (40.2, 45.2, 34.4 and 32.8 mg for male pupae and 57.6, 63.7, 51.8 and 35.8 mg for female pupae), when larvae were reared on CM 600, Basilocal, CM 500 and Kisan, respectively. The growth index decreased from 1.65 on CM 600 and 1.49 on Basilocal to 0.40 on CM 500 and 0.09 on Kisan. A better consumption and utilization of the cultivars CM 600 and Basilocal was shown as also expressed by the higher weights attained by larvae grown on these two than on CM 500 and Kisan. Growth rate slowed down to 0.068 on CM 500 from 0.161 on CM 600 maize. A similar trend was observed in egg-laying and hatchability of eggs. Number of eggs laid per female decreased from 290 on CM 600 reared C. partellus to 157 on Kisan reared insects and none of the eggs laid by the latter could hatch. The degree of resistance of the cultivars to C. partellus on the basis of nutritional factors in a decreasing order is: Kisan > CM 500 > Basilocal > CM 600.

Résumé

Quatre cultivars de maïs (Zea mays, L), à savoir, CM600, Basilocal, CM500 et Kisan ont fait l'objet d'étude pour leur resistance relative à la tarière de tige de maiïs, le Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) dans le contexte de la nutrition. On a laissé le larves du C. partellus sortant de la coquille se pousser sur les verticilles de feuilles des cultivars dans le laboratoire à 27±2°Cetàr.h. 70–90 %. Le taux de croissance, la consommation de nourriture, l'utilisation, la production d'oeufs et leurs taux d'éclosion ont été étudiés. Les insectes ont connu une amélioration dans leur croissance lorsqu'ils étaient nourris de CM600 ou de Mais Basilocal comparé à CM500 ou Kisan; ceciétait misen évidence par un pourcentage élevé de pupation (56, 8 et 54, 8 respectivement) avec le CM600 et le Basilocal par rapport à 24, 4 et 5, 6% respectivement avec CM500 et Kisan; des poids de pupe supérieurs (40, 2, 45, 2, 34, 4 et 32, 8 mg pour pupes mâles et 57, 6, 63, 7, 51, 8 et 35, 8 mg pour pupes femelle) lorsque les larves ont été nourries de CM600, Basilocal, CM500 et de Kisan respectivement. L'indice de croissance a diminué de 1, 65 avec CM600 et de 1, 49 avec Basilocal à 0, 40 avec CM500 et à 0, 09 avec Kisan. Une meilleure consommation et utilisation des cultivars CM600 et Basilocal fut démontrée ce qui a aussi été mis en évidence par les poids plus élevés atteints par la larve qui se nourri sur ces deux que sur CM500 de 0, 068 avec CM500 de 0, 131 avec CM600 maiïs. Une tendance pareille a été observée pour la ponte et l'éclosion des oeufs. Le nombre d'oufs pondu par femelle a diminué de 290 chez les C. partellus nourris de CM600 à 157 chez les derniers n'a atteint l'éclosion. Le degré de résistance des cultivars au C. partellus, sur la base des facteurs de nutrition dans un ordre décroissant est le suivant: Kisan ≺ CM500 ≻ Basilocal ≻ CM600.

Keywords

C. partellusresistancenutritiongrowthmaize cultivarsegg-layingegg-hatchabilityChilo partellusrésistancenutritioncroissancemaiïscultivarsponte d'oeufséclosion d'oeufs.
Type
Research Artilces
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 14 , Issue 3 , June 1993 , pp. 267 - 272
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1993

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