Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-g8jcs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T12:31:49.265Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Factors affecting insect pest occurrence in various cropping systems

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

J. D. Mumford  and
C. W. Baliddawa
J. D. Mumford
Affiliation:
Department of Pure and Applied Biology, Imperial College at Silwood Park, Ascot, Berks SL5 7PY, England
C. W. Baliddawa
Affiliation:
Department of Pure and Applied Biology, Imperial College at Silwood Park, Ascot, Berks SL5 7PY, England
Get access

Abstract

This paper discusses the effects of some controllable aspects of annual cropping systems on several components of insect pest occurrence. The components of cropping systems include spatial and temporal diversity at the farm level. Some effects of these factors on pest colonisation, numerical increase, emigration, damage, and carryover to future crops are illustrated and discussed. Examples of how cropping systems affect specialist and generalist insect pests are also given. Finally, the effectiveness and practicality of controlling insect pests by manipulating cropping systems is considered. Intercropping appears most likely to reduce insect pest occurrence under general conditions, however the need to manage several different crops simultaneously can present some constraints.

Keywords

Cropping systemsinsect pestsmixed croppingdiversity
Type
Research Articles
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 4 , Special Issue 1-2: Crop-Borers and Emerging Strategies for their Control , June 1983 , pp. 59 - 64
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1983

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Altieri, M. A., Francis, C. A., Schoonhoven, A. van and Doll, D. J. (1978) A review of insect prevalence in maize (Zea mays L.) and bean (Phaseolus vulgaris, L.) polycultural systems. Field Crops Res. 1, 33–49.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bach, E. C. (1980) Effects of plant diversity and time of colonization on a herbivore-plant interaction. Oecologia (Berl.) 44, 319–326.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bhatnagar, V. S. and Davies, J. C. (1980) Pest management in intercrop subsistence farming. ICRISAT 1979–1980 Report.Google Scholar
Buranday, R. P. and Raros, R. S. (1975) Effects of cabbagetomato intercropping on the incidence and oviposition of the diamond back moth, Plutella xylostella. (L.). Phillipp. Ent. 2, 369–374.Google Scholar
Burleigh, J. H. (1973) Strip-cropping effect on beneficial insects and spiders associated with cotton in Oklahoma. Env. Ent. 2, 281–285.Google Scholar
Chin, K. M. and Husin, Ajimilah Nyak (1982) Rice variety mixtures in disease control. Proc. of Int. conf. Plant Prot. in the Tropics 1–4 March 1982. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.Google Scholar
Cromartie, W. J. (1981) The environmental control of insects using crop diversity. In Pest Management, C.R.C. Handbook Series in Agriculture. Vol. 1, pp. 223–252. Boca Raton, FL.Google Scholar
De Loach, C. J. (1970) The effect of habitat diversity to predation. Proc. Tall. Timbers Conf. on Ecol. Anim. Control by Habitat Management. Tallahassee 2, 223–241.Google Scholar
Dempster, J. P. and Coaker, T. H. (1974) Diversification of crop ecosystems as means of controlling pests. In Biology in Pest and Disease Control. (Edited by Price Jones, D. and Solomon, E. M.), pp. 106–114. John Wiley & Sons, New York.Google Scholar
Enyi, B. A. C. (1973) Effects of intercropping maize or sorghum with cowpeas, pigeon peas or beans. Expl. Agric. 9, 83–90.Google Scholar
Feeny, P. (1976) Plant apparency and chemical defense. Recent Adv. Phytochem. 10, 1–39.Google Scholar
Fye, R. C. (1972) The interchange of insect parasites and predators between crops. PANS 18, 143–146.Google Scholar
Hart, R. D. (1974) The Design and Evaluation of a Bean, Corn and Maize Polyculture Cropping System for the Humid Tropics. (Ph.D. Thesis Univ. Florida, Gainesville), 158 pp.Google Scholar
Heathcoate, G. D. (1968) Protection of sugar beat stecklings against aphids and viruses by cover crops and aluminium foil. Pl Path. 17, 158–161.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heathcote, G. D. (1974) The effect of plant spacing, nitrogen fertilizer and irrigation on the appearance of symptoms and spread of virus yellows in sugar-beet crops. J. agric. Sci. 83, 53–60.Google Scholar
Heathcoate, G. D. (1976) Insects as vectors of plant viruses. Z. angew. Ent. 82, 72–80.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Igbozurike, M. O. (1971) Ecological balance in tropical agriculture. Geogrl Rev. 61, 521–529.Google Scholar
Litsinger, J. A. and Moody, K. (1976) Integrated pest management in multiple cropping systems. In Multiple Cropping. (Edited by Papendick, R. I., Sachez, P. A. and Trip Let, G. B.), pp. 293–316. Special publication No. 27. American Society of Agronomy. Madison, Wisconsin.Google Scholar
Marcovitch, S. (1935) Experimental evidence on the value of strip-farming as a method of natural control of injurious insects with special reference to plant lice. J. econ. Ent. 28, 62–70.Google Scholar
Murdoch, W. W. (1975) Diversity, complexity, stability and pest control. J. appl. Ecol. 12, 795–807.Google Scholar
Norman, D. W. (1974) Rationalising mixed cropping under indigenous conditions. J. Dev. Studies 11, 3–21.Google Scholar
Norton, G. A. (1975) Multiple cropping and pest control-an economic perspective. Meded. Fac. Landbouww. Rijks Univ. Gent 40, 219–226.Google Scholar
Norton, G. A. and Conway, G. R. (1977) The economic and social context of pest disease and weed problems. In Origins of Pest, Parasite, Disease and Weed Problems. (Edited by Cherrett, J. M. and Sagar, A. R.), pp. 205–226. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford.Google Scholar
O'Donnell, M. S. and Coaker, T. H. (1975) Potential of intracrop diversity for the control of brassica pests. Proc. 8th Brit. Insect. & Fung. Conf. 1, 101–107.Google Scholar
Perrin, R. M. (1977) Pest management in multiple cropping systems. Agroecosystems 3, 93–118.Google Scholar
Perrin, R. M. (1980) The role of environmental diversity in crop protection. Protection Ecology 2, 77–114.Google Scholar
Perrin, R. M. and Phillips, M. L. (1978) Some effects of mixed cropping on the population dynamics of insect pests. Ent. exp. et appl. 24, 585–593.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pimentel, D. (1961) Species diversity and insect populations outbreaks. Ann. ent. Soc. Am. 54, 76–86.Google Scholar
Raros, R. S. (1973) Biological stability in multiple cropping. 1st Multiple Cropping Workshop 18–20 September. Bogor, Indonesia.Google Scholar
Risch, S. J. (1981) Insect herbivore abundance in tropical monocultures and polycultures: an experimental test of two hypotheses. Ecology 62, 1325–1340.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Root, R. B. (1973) Organization of a plant arthropod association in simple and diverse habitats: the fauna of collards (Brassica oleracea). Ecological Monographs 43, 95–124.Google Scholar
Smith, J. G. (1976) Influence of crop background on aphids and other phytophagous insects on Brussels sprouts. Ann. appl. Biol. 83, 1–13.Google Scholar
Southwood, T. R. E. and Way, M. J. (1970) Ecological background to pest management. In Concepts of Pest Management. (Edited by Rabb, R. L. and Guthrie, F. E.), pp. 6–28. N.C. State University, Raleigh.Google Scholar
Tahvanainen, J. O. and Root, R. B. (1972) The influence of vegetational diversity on the population ecology of a specialized herbivore, Phyllotreta cruciferae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Oecologia (Berlin) 10, 321–346.Google Scholar
Trenbath, B. R. (1977) Interactions among diverse hosts and diverse parasites. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 287, 124–150.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
van den Bosch, R. and Stern, V. M. (1969) The effect of harvesting practices on insect populations in alfalfa. Proc. Tall Timbers Conf. on Ecol. Anim. Control, by Habitat Management. Tallahassee 1, 47–69.Google Scholar
van Emden, H. F. (1965) The role of uncultivated land in the biology of crop pests and beneficial insects. Sci. Hon. 17, 121–136.Google Scholar
van Emden, H. F. and Williams, G. F. (1974) Insect stability and diversity in agroecosystems. A. Rev. Ent. 19, 455–957.Google Scholar
Way, M. J. (1979) Significance of diversity in agroecosystems. Proc. Plenary Session Symp. IX Int. Cong. Plant Protection, Washington, pp. 9–12.Google Scholar