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Evaluation of Food Consumption, Haemolymph Protein Content and Survival of the Grasshopper Euprepocnemis plorans Fed on Clover, Lupine or Horsebean

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

G. El Sayed
G. El Sayed
Affiliation:
Department of Economic Entomology and Pesticides, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Cairo, Giza, Egypt
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Abstract

The effects of diet on quantitative nutritional indices were measured in fifth-instar female nymphs of the grasshopper, Euprepocnemis plorans. Analysis of the main and interactive effects of feeding on the host plants lupine (Lupinus termis), horsebean (Vicia faba) or clover (Trifolium alexandrinum) and some of the plants' allelochemicals indicated that nymph performance was adversely affected by the hydrogen cyanide (HCN) and quinolizidine in horsebean and lupine respectively. Assimilation of clover was higher than of lupine or horsebean. Relative growth rate (RGR) was significantly higher in grasshoppers fed on clover than in those fed on either lupine or horsebean. Relative consumption rate (RCR) was in the order lupine > clover > horsebean. The efficiency of the digested and ingested food conversion were significantly lower in grasshoppers fed on lupine or horsebean than those fed on clover. The duration of the fifth instar was in the order horsebean > lupine > clover. Grasshoppers fed on horsebean or lupine lost weight during the experiment, with a greater weight loss recorded in those fed on horsebean. Grasshoppers contained the highest concentration of haemolymph proteins when fed on clover. Short-term feeding on lupine and horsebean resulted in 10 and 20 % mortality respectively, and nymphs that died on a horsebean diet were malformed.

Résumé

Les effets du régime alimentaire sur les indices quantitatifs de nutrition ont été mesurés chez les nymphs femelles de stade V du criquet, Euprepocnemis plorans. L'analyse des effets principaux et interdépendants de l'alimentation sur les plantes-hôtes, c'est-à-dire le lupin (Lupinus termis), la fève (Vicia faba) ou le trèfle (Trifolium alexandrinum) et les effets de certaines substances allélotrophes de ces plantes ont montré-que la croissance et le développement des nymphes étaient sérieusement affectés par l'acide cyanidrique (HCN) et la quinolizidine contenus respectivement dans la fève et le lupin. Le trèfle était plus assimilé par rapport au lupin et la fève. Le taux relatif de croissance était significativement élevé chez les criquets nourris sur le trèfle que chez ceux élevés sur le lupin ou et la fève. Le taux relatif de consommation était plus élevé chez les criquet nourris sur le lupin suivi du trèfle, puis la fève. L'efficacité de transformation de la nourriture ingérée et digérée était significativement basse chez les criquets nourris sur le lupin ou la fève comparativement au trèfle. La durée de stade nymphal V était supérieur chez les insectes nourris sur la fève suivie de lupin puis le trèfle. Les criquets élevés sur la fève ou le lupin perdaient de leur poids au cours de l'expérience et cette perte était plus prononcée chez les criquets nourris sur la fève. La concentration la plus élevée en protéines dans l'hémolymphe était observée chez les criquets nourris sur le trèfle. Une brève alimentation sur le lupin et la fève provoquait des mortalités respectives de 10 et 20%, et les nymphes trouvés mortes sur la fève montraient des malformations.

Keywords

Euprepocnemis ploranscloverlupinehorsebeaninsect-plant interactionfood consumptionhaemolymph proteinchronic toxicityEuprepocnemis ploranstrèflelupinfèveinteraction entre insecte et planteconsommation alimentaireprotéine hémolymphatiquetoxicité chronique
Type
Research Articles
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 18 , Issue 4 , December 1998 , pp. 333 - 339
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1998

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