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Ecological Factors Limiting the Distribution of Glossina morsitans morsitans and of Glossina pallidipes (Diptera: Glossinidae) in Inhambane Province of Mozambique

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

Willem Takken
Willem Takken
Affiliation:
UNDP/FAO Project MOZ/75/008, P.O. Box 4595, Maputo, Mozambique
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Abstract

After the rinderpest panzootic of the late last century, Southern Mozambique appeared to have become free of Glossina morsitans and G. pallidipes. However, since the 1940s a gradual advance of tsetse into Southern Mozambique has been observed. Anti tsetse measures were taken during the 1950s and 1960s along the southern front of the tsetse belt to stop the advance of the fly into tsetse free cattle grazing areas.

To reassess the extent of the fly front in Inhambane Province, a tsetse survey using bait oxen was made in the Muabsa area during 1981 and 1982. G. m. morsitans, G. pallidipes and G. austeni were found, although not always sympatrically. It appeared that the G. morsitans and G. pallidipes front in the study area had been stable since 1969. The front is situated along a line of marked changes in soil and vegetation types and it is concluded that this may be the reason why these tsetse did not advance further south. G. austeni was found throughout the study area in a less well defined belt. The populations of G. m. morsitans and of G. pallidipes in the study area form the most southerly distributed populations of these species known in Africa today.

Résumé

Après l'épidémie de peste bovine à la fin du siècle dernier, le sud du Mozambique parût libéré de son infestation de Glossina morsitans et de G. pallidipes. Cependant, depuis les années 1940, un retour progressif de la glossine a été observé dans le sud du Mozambique. Pendant les années 1950–1970, une campagne de lutte contre la mouche tsé-tsé a été effectuée le long de la limite sud de la zone de glossines, pour prévenir qu'elles réenvahissent des pâturages importants. Pour déterminer la répartition des glossines dans la province de Inhambane, une enquête a été réalisée dans la région de Muabsa au courant de 1981 et 1982. Glossina morsitans, G. pallidipes, et G. austeni ont été capturées, mais pas toujours sympatriquement. La limite extrème de distribution de G. morsitans et G. pallidipes dans la zone étudiée parâit être stable depuis 1969. Cette limite de distribution est située le long d'un changement évident de végetation et de sols, et on conclue que ces changements préviennent le progrès de ces glossines vers le sud. Glossina austeni fut aussi capturé dans la zone d'étude, mais sa distribution est moins définie. Les populations de G. morsitans et G. pallidipes dans cette region sont à présent celles les plus au sud du continent africain.

Keywords

Glossina morsitans morsitansG. pallidipesG. austeniox-baited fly roundsdistribution limitsMozambique
Type
Research Articles
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 9 , Issue 2 , April 1988 , pp. 237 - 242
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1988

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