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Density Effects of the Banana Weevil, Cosmopolites sordidus (Germar), on Its Oviposition Performance and Egg and Larval Survivorship

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

Clifford S. Gold ,
Godfrey H. Kagezi ,
Pontiano Nemeye  and
Philip E. Ragama
Clifford S. Gold
Affiliation:
International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, P.O. Box 7878, Kampala, Uganda E-mail: [email protected]
Godfrey H. Kagezi
Affiliation:
International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, P.O. Box 7878, Kampala, Uganda E-mail: [email protected]
Pontiano Nemeye
Affiliation:
International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, P.O. Box 7878, Kampala, Uganda E-mail: [email protected] International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, P.O. Box 30772, Nairobi, Kenya
Philip E. Ragama
Affiliation:
International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, P.O. Box 7878, Kampala, Uganda E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

The influence of banana weevil, Cosmopolites sordidus (Germar)(Coleoptera: Curculionidae), population density on oviposition rates and larval survivorship was studied in the laboratory at the Kawanda Agricultural Research Institute in Uganda. This study was undertaken to elucidate the relationship between density-dependent factors and rates of banana weevil increase in the field. Oviposition substrates (corm pieces) were offered to a range of densities of weevils maintained in buckets. Mean oviposition rates per female at densities of 10, 20 and 40 females per bucket were 29, 37 and 53%, respectively, lower than that at a density of 5 females. Nevertheless, total oviposition for the same groups was 1.4, 2.5 and 3.7 times higher than that of the 5-female group. Providing fresh corms daily instead of every five days did not increase oviposition. Larval survivorship was slightly higher at lower densities of immatures following insertion of different densities of eggs or first instars into banana corms. The results suggest that density-dependent factors can influence oviposition rates of individual weevils and survivorship of immatures, but appear to exert only modest influence in reducing banana weevil population growth. More likely, high mortality of weevil immatures under field conditions and/or higher rates of adult mortality and emigration than previously postulated contribute to the slow population build-up of this pest.

Résumé

L'influence de la densité de population du charançon du bananier Cosmopiolites sordidus (Germar) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) sur le taux d'oviposition et la survie des larves a été étudiée au laboratoire à l'lnstitut de Recherche Agricole de Kawanda en Ouganda. Cette etude a été menée afin de comprendre la relation entre les facteurs de densité-dépendance et le taux d'accroissement du charançon du bananier au champ. Les substrats d'oviposition (des morceaux de rhizomes) ont été présentès à différentes densités de charançons maintenus dans des seaux. Les taux moyens d'oviposition par femelle aux densités de 10, 20 et 40 femelles par seau sont respectivement de 29, 37 et 53% inférieurs à celui observé pour une densité de 5 femelles. Cependant, la fécondité totale pour ces mêmes densités est 1, 4, 2, 5 et 3, 7 fois plus élevée qu'à la densité de 5 femelles. La fécondité n'augmente pas si l'on fournit des rhizomes frais chaque jour plutôt que tous les 5 jours. La survie larvaire est sensiblement plus élevée aux faibles densités de jeunes larves juste après l'infestation des rhizomes. Ces résultats suggèrent que les facteurs de densité-dépendance influencent le taux d'oviposition des charançons et la survie des larves, mai ne réduit pas significativement le taux d'accroissement des populations du charançon.

II est vraisemblable que la forte mortalité larvaire en conditions naturelles et/ou le taux de mortalité élevé des adultes et l'émigration que nous avions évoqués contribuent au ralentissement de croissance des populations de ce ravageur.

Keywords

bananabanana weevilCosmopolites sordidusdensity dependenceovipositionpopulation dynamicssurvivorshipbananiercharançon du bananierCosmopolites sordidusdensité dépendenceovipositiondynamique des populationssurvie
Type
Research Articles
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 22 , Issue 3 , September 2002 , pp. 205 - 213
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 2002

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