Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-rdxmf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-28T02:23:51.834Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Cowpea plant architecture in relation to infestation and damage by the legume pod borer, Maruca Testulalis geyer (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)— 3. Effects of plant growth Habit

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

S. Oghiakhe ,
L. E. N. Jackai  and
W. A. Makanjuola
S. Oghiakhe
Affiliation:
International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Oyo Road, PMB 5320, Ibadan, Nigeria
L. E. N. Jackai
Affiliation:
International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Oyo Road, PMB 5320, Ibadan, Nigeria
W. A. Makanjuola
Affiliation:
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lagos, Akoka-Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria
Get access

Abstract

The effects of plant growth habit (erect versus spreading and flowering pattern) on the resistance of cowpea Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp., to the legume pod borer, Maruca testulalis Geyer, were studied in Nigeria. Five cowpea cultivars of known agronomic and architectural characteristics were selected for the study: TVu 946, IT82D-716, VITA-3, Oloka local and Kamboinse local. Seed and pod damage assessment values were better in profuse flowering than in non-profuse flowering cultivars and in erect cultivars than in spreading cultivars. Best performances were obtained from TVu 946 (profuse flowering and erect resistant), and worst results from Oloka local (spreading susceptible) and VITA-3 (susceptible non-profuse) respectively. Erect and profuse flowering cowpea cultivars are proposed as having good architectural components for reducing M. testulalis damage to cowpea. The implications of architectural variations in cowpea are discussed.

Résumé

Les effets de I'architecture de la plante (érigée ou rampante; frequence de la floraison) sur la resistance du niébé, Vigna unguiculata à la foreuse des gousses, Maruca testulalis Geyer ont été étudiés au Nigeria. Cinq cultivars de niébé, TVu 946, IT82D-716, VITA-3, Oloka local et Kamboinse local, dotes de caracteristiques agronomiques et architecturales connues furent choisis pour l'étude. L'évaluation des dégàts occasionnés aux graines et aux gousses a donné de meilleurs résultats chez les cultivars à floraison continue que chez les cultivars à floraison non continue ainsi que chez les cultivars érigés par rapport aux cultivars rampants. Les meilleurs résultats ont été obtenus avec TVu 946 (resistant, érigé et à floraison continue) et les plus mauvais avec Oloka local (sensible, rampant et à floraison continue) et VITA-3 (sensible et à floraison non-continue). Les cultivars érigés et à floraison continue sont présentés comme ayant une architecture favorisant la reduction des dégàts de M. testulalis. Les implications découlant des variations architecturales chez le niébé font actuellement l'objet de discussions.

Keywords

Plant growth habitflowering patternMaruca testulalisplant architectureVigna unguiculataresistance
Type
Research Articles
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 14 , Issue 2 , April 1993 , pp. 199 - 203
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1993

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Coyne, D. P. (1980) Modification of plant architecture and crop yield by breeding. Hortscience 15, 244–247.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
IITA (1982) Annual Report for 1981. International Institute for Tropical Agriculture, Ibadan, Nigeria.Google Scholar
Jackai, L. E. N. (1981) Relationship between cowpea crop phenology and field infestation by the legume pod borer, Maruca testulalis. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 74, 402–408.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jackai, L. E. N. (1982) A field screening technique for resistance of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) to the pod borer Maruca testulalis (Geyer) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Bull. Entomol. Res. 72, 145–156.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jackai, L. E. N. (1983) Efficacy of insecticide application at different times of day against the legume pod borer Maruca testulalis Geyer (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), on cowpea in Nigeria. Prot. Ecol. 5, 245–251.Google Scholar
Oghiakhe, S. (1990) Resistance screening, biology and behaviour of Maruca testulalis Geyer (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) on cowpea, Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.Google Scholar
Oghiakhe, S., Jackai, L. E. N. and Makanjuola, W. A. (1991) Cowpea plant architecture in relation to infestation and damage by the legume pod borer, Maruca testulalis Geyer (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). —1. Effect of canopy structure and pod position. Insect Sci. Applic. 12, 193–199.Google Scholar
Oghiakhe, S., Jackai, L. E. N. and Makanjuola, W. A. (1992) Cowpea plant architecture in relation to infestation and damage by the legume pod borer, Maruca testulalis Geyer (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) —2. Effect of pod angle. Insect Sci. Applic. 13, 339–344.Google Scholar
Okigbo, B. N. (1978) Grain legumes in the agriculture of the tropics. In Pests of Grain Legumes —Ecology and Control (Edited by Singh, S. R., van Emden, H. F. and Taylor, T. A.). Academic Press, Inc., New York.Google Scholar
Singh, S. R. and Allen, D. J. (1980) Pests, diseases, resistance and protection in cowpeas. In Advances in Legume Science (Edited by Summerfield, R. J. and Bunting, A. H.), pp. 419–443. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, England.Google Scholar
Singh, S. R., Singh, B. B., Jackai, L. E. N. and Ntare, B. R. (1983) Cowpea Research at IITA. Information Series, No. 14.Google Scholar
Woolley, J. N. (1977) Breeding cowpea Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp., for resistance to Maruca testulalis Geyer. Ph.D Thesis, Cambridge University, Cambridge, England.Google Scholar