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Assessment of Grain Yield Losses in Pearl Millet Due to the Millet Stemborer, Coniesta ignefusalis (Hampson)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

Aissetou Drame-Yaye ,
Ousmane Youm  and
Jonathan N. Ayertey
Aissetou Drame-Yaye
Affiliation:
Faculté d'Agronomie, Université Abdou Moumouni, BP 12040 Niamey, Niger
Ousmane Youm*
Affiliation:
ICRISAT Sahelian Centre, BP 12404, Niamey, Niger
Jonathan N. Ayertey
Affiliation:
Department of Crop Science, University of Ghana, P. O. Box LG 44, Legon Accra, Ghana
*
E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Studies were conducted at the ICRISAT Sahelian Centre, Niger, to assess damage and yield loss by the millet stemborer, Coniesta ignefusalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) on Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Brown. Although 78% of stems were infested, late attack by the millet stemborer on millet plants resulted in bored stems yielding more than unbored ones. Artificial infestations with 5 and 10 larvae per plant at 2 weeks after plant emergence (WAE) resulted in 50 to 70% plants with deadhearts and 24 to 100% avoidable yield loss. At 4 weeks after plant emergence, infestations with 5 larvae and 10 larvae per plant resulted in 7% increase in yield and 16% yield loss, respectively. Therefore, both the age of plant and density of borer population at the time of infestation can influence resulting stemborer damage and yield loss on pearl millet.

Résumé

Des études ont été menées à l'ICRISAT Centre Sahélien de Niamey au Niger pour évaluer le niveau de dégâts et les pertes de récolte causés sur Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Brown, par le foreur des tiges de mil, Coniesta ignefusalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Les résultats ont montré que les attaques tardives du foreur n'étaient pas préjudiciables à la production de grains, puisque dans les champs de mil où 78% des plants étaient naturellement infestés, les pieds attaqués ont produit plus de grains que les pieds sains. Les infestations artificielles deux semaines après l'apparition des plants, avec 5 et 10 larves par pied ont causé respectivement 50 et 70% de dessèchement des sommités et 24 et 100% de perte de récolte. Par contre les mêmes taux d'infestation artificielle appliqués quatre semaines après l'apparition des plants, ont donné respectivement 7% d'augmentation de récolte et 16% de perte de récolte. Par conséquent, aussi bien la période que le taux d'infestation sont importants et peuvent influencer le niveau de dégâts et les pertes de rendement dus au foreur des tiges de mil.

Keywords

Coniesta ignefusalisstemborermilletPennisetumyield lossWest AfricaConiesta ignefusalisforeur de tigesmilPennisetumperte de récolteAfrique de l'Ouest
Type
Research Articles
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 23 , Issue 3 , September 2003 , pp. 259 - 265
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 2003

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