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Antibiosis component of resistance in sorghum to corn planthopper, Peregrinus maidis (Ashmead) (Homoptera: Delphacidae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

B. M. Chandra Shekar ,
B. U. Singh ,
K. D. Reddy  and
D. D. R. Reddy
B. M. Chandra Shekar
Affiliation:
National Research Centre for Sorghum, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500 030 (AP), India
B. U. Singh*
Affiliation:
National Research Centre for Sorghum, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500 030 (AP), India
K. D. Reddy
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Andhra Pradesh Agricultural UniversityRajendranagar, Hyderabad 500 030 (AP), India
D. D. R. Reddy
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Andhra Pradesh Agricultural UniversityRajendranagar, Hyderabad 500 030 (AP), India
*
*Corresponding author.
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Abstract

Ten sorghum genotypes at three plant growth stages were evaluated for antibiosis component of resistance to Peregrinus maidis expressed in terms of survival, duration and population build-up of nymphs as well as longevity and fecundity of adults. Support of nymphal survival and continued succession in mortality was evidenced on IS 18676, IS 18677 and IS 19349, indicating the influence of antibiosis factor(s) which again was supported by their prolonged duration. The growth index was consistently low at three plant growth stages on IS 18676 and IS 19349, but the genotype, IS 18677 did not express consistency on 45 days old plants. Greater longevity of adult females over males was consistent at different growth stages. Low fecundity was predominantly noticed on IS 18676, while reduced longevity was pronounced on IS 18677 and IS 19349 which was reflected in low population build-up at 15 and 30 days after infestation, when infested with 25 or 50 neonate nymphs. All these parameters contributed together suggest that antibiosis levels in IS 18676, IS 18677 and IS 19349 proportionately increased with plant age and the variability at different growth stages may be attributed to the differences in host genotypes and greatly aid as potential donors in resistance breeding programmes.

Résumé

Dix génotypes de sorgho à trois stade de developpement ont été evalués pour l'antibiosis comme composante de la résistance contre Peregrinus maidis et exprimée en termes de survie et de longivité des larves, la fécondité des adultes et l'augmentation des populations. La survie réduite des larves était apparente sur les génotypes IS 18676, IS 18677 et IS 19349, montrant ainsi la présence de facteurs antibiotiques. Cette découverte a également été confirmée par la durée prolongée du cycle larvaire. D'autre part, l'index de croissance a été de façon constante relativement bas pendant les stades de développement sur les génotypes IS 18676 et IS 19349 mais IS 18677 n'a pas montré de consistance sur les plants de 45 jours. Une plus grande longévité des adultes femelles a été observée de façon consistante pendant les differents stades de developpement. La fécondité reduite a été surtout notée sur IS 18676 alors que la réduction de la longevité a été plus nette sur IS 18677 et IS 19349; ce qui s'etait traduit par la faible recrudescence des populations à 15 et 30 jours après infestation avec 25 à 50 larves néonates. Tous ces paramètres réunis ont montré que les dégrés d'antibiosis dans IS 18676, IS 18677 et IS 19349 augmentent de façon proportioned à Page de la plante. La variabilité à chaque stade de développement peut être attribuée à la différence entre les génotypes des plantes hôtes. Celle-ci represente largement un atout potentiel dans le programme d'amelioration de la résistance.

Keywords

Antibiosiscorn planthopperPeregrinus maidisresistancesorghum
Type
Research Articles
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 14 , Issue 5-6 , December 1993 , pp. 559 - 569
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1993

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