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An electron microscopic study of the aortic wall and corpus cardiacum in relation to their neurohaemal function in the tsetse, Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

Leah R. S. Awiti ,
Thomas R. Odhiambo  and
Nelson T. Ogoma
Leah R. S. Awiti
Affiliation:
International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), P.O. Box 30772, Nairobi, Kenya
Thomas R. Odhiambo
Affiliation:
International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), P.O. Box 30772, Nairobi, Kenya
Nelson T. Ogoma
Affiliation:
International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), P.O. Box 30772, Nairobi, Kenya
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Abstract

The anterior aorta is rich in axons and axonal endings originating from the nervus corporis cardiacum (NCC) and the corpus cardiacum (CC). Neurosecretory granules in the NCC axons are small compared to large granules synthesized in the CC. Vesiculation of the secretory granules into clusters of small vesicles occur both in NCC axonal endings and axon-like processes from the CC, suggesting that both types of secretions are released into the haemolymph.

Synapses occur between the NCC axons and cardiac muscle cells, as well as with cell processes from the CC, suggesting that some of the neurohormes from the NCC axons may function as neurotransmitters. The CC consists of large neuron-like cells, that synthesize an intrinsic secretion; it also contains a neuropil of NCC axons and CC cell processes. There is no evidence of a separate storage and release lobe in the CC. No synapses occur between the axons and cell processes or with the cell bodies. The CC cell processes have their endings in the aortic wall where they make synapses with NCC axonal endings and where they most likely release their material. It is suggested that in Glossina: (a) the aortic wall has taken over the neurohaemal role of the CC whose function otherwise remains that of synthesizing an intrinsic hormone; and that (b) the activity of the CC to synthesize and/or release its intrinsic secretion is most likely controlled in the aortic wall via a neurotransmitter substance.

Résumé

L'aorte antérieur est riche en axones et en terminaisons axionales prenant naissance dans le nervus corporis cardium (NCC) et le corpus cardiacum (CC). Les granules neurosécrétoires dans les axones du NCC sont petits comparés aux grandes granules synthétisées dans le CC. La formation des vésicules des granules sécrétoires en groupements de petites vésicules a lieu dans les terminaisons axonales du NCC et dans les excroissances ressemblant aux axones provenant du CC, suggérant que les deux types de sécrétions sont déversées dans le hémolymphe.

Il n'y a des synapses entre les axones du NCC et les cellules du muscle cardiaque, ainsi qu'avec les excroissances cellulaires provenant du CC, suggérant que certaines neurohormones provenant des axones du NCC pourraient fonctionner comme des neurotransmetteurs. Le CC consiste de grandes cellules ressemblant aux neurones qui synthétisent une sécrétion intrinsèque; il contient aussi un neuropil des axones du NCC et des excroissances de la cellule du CC. Il n'y a pas de preuve de l'existence d'une love séparée de stockage et de déversement dans le CC. Il n'y a pas de synapses entre les axones et les excroissances ou avec les corps cellulaires. Les excroissances de la cellule ont leurs terminaisons dans la paroi aortique où elles forment des relais nerveux avec les terminaisons axonales du NCC et où elles déversent vraissemblablement leurs sécrétions.

Il est suggéré que dans le tsétsé Glossina, (a) la paroi aortique a assumé le rôle neurohématique du CC dont la fonction reste autrement cell du synthétiser une hormone intrinsèque; et que (b) l'activité du CC de synthétiser et/ou de déverser sa sécrétion intrinsèque est très vraissemblablement contrôlée dans la paroi aortique via une substance neurotransmittrice.

Keywords

Aortic wallcorpus cardiacumneurosecretionnervus corporis cardiacumneurotransmittersynapsecell processaxonal endingvesiculationGlossina morsitans morsitansneurohaemal organParoi aortiquecorpus cardiacumneurosécrétionnervus corporis cardiacumneuro-transmitteursynapsesexcroissance cellulaireterminaison axonaleformation de vésiculesGlossina morsitansorgane neurohématique
Type
Research Articles
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 6 , Issue 4 , August 1985 , pp. 489 - 501
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1985

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