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Abundance of Rice Arthropods and Weeds on the Continuum Toposequence in a West African Inland Valley

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

I. O. Oyediran ,
E. A. Heinrichs  and
D. E. Johnson
I. O. Oyediran
Affiliation:
West Africa Rice Development Association (WARDA), 01 B.P. 2551 Bouaké, Côte d'Ivoire
E. A. Heinrichs*
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, USA
D. E. Johnson
Affiliation:
Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, Chatham, Kent, UK
*
Corresponding author: EAH. E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

A 2-year study was conducted to determine the abundance of rice arthropods as affected by weeding regimes and toposequence sites, from upland to lowland, in an inland valley in Côte d'Ivoire, West Africa. Toposequence site had an effect on insect populations. Most insects were found in the moist, lower portion of the slope (hydromorphic or phreatic zone) and in the valley bottom (irrigated lowland). Among these were the white leafhoppers Cofana spectra and C. unimaciilata (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), the green leafhoppers Nephotettix spp. (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), and the diopsids Diopsis longicornis and D. apicalis (Diptera: Diopsidae). Stemborer damage was generally most severe in the lowland ecology. Weed dry weights and weed species composition were affected by toposequence site. Cyperns difformis L. was most abundant in the lowland and Digitarla horizontalis Willd. in the upland sites. Weeding regime had an effect on the abundance of insect pests and natural enemies (spiders and damselflies) and on the extent of stemborer damage, the effect varying with toposequence site. Implications of the results for the integrated management of weeds and insects are discussed.

Résumé

Dans une zone intérieur de la Côte d'Ivoire (Afrique de l'Ouest), une étude de deux ans a été menée pour déterminer l'effet sur l'abondance des arthropodes, du régime de sarclage et de la toposéquence des sites, partant du plateau au bas-fond. La plupart d'insectes étaient retrouvés dans la partie humide de la zone basse de la pente (zone hydromorphe ou phréatique) de même qu'au fond des vallées (bas-fonds irrigués). Entre autres espèces figuraient les cicadelles blanches Cofana spectra et C. unimaciilata (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), les cicadelles Nephotettix spp. (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), et les diopsides Diopsis longicornis et D. apicalis (Diptera: Diospidae). Les dégâts causés par les foreurs de tiges étaient généralement les plus graves dans les écologies de bas-fonds. Le poids sec et la composition des espèces d'adventices étaient affectés par la position de la toposéquence. Cyperus difformis et Digitarla horizontalis étaient les adventices les plus abondantes, respectivement dans les bas-fonds et dans le sites situés sur le plateau. Le régime du sarclage avait un effet sur l'abondance des parasites d'insectes et les ennemis naturels (araignées et libellules) et l'ampleur des dégâts infligés par les foreurs de tiges; et cet effet changeait avec la position de la toposéquence. Les implications des résultats sur la gestion intégrée des adventices et des insectes sont discutées.

Keywords

Oryza sativaricecontinuum toposequenceweedsDiaperasticus spp.Cofana spp.Nephotettix spp.Stenocoris spp. damselfliesspidersstemborersCôte d'IvoireWest AfricaOryza sativacontinuum de toposéquenceadventicesCofana spp.Diaperasticus spp. Cofana spp.Stenocoris spp.libellulesaraignéesforeurs de tigesCôte d'IvoireAfrique d l'Ouest
Type
Research Articles
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 19 , Issue 2-3 , September 1999 , pp. 109 - 119
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1999

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