Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-jkksz Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-18T18:50:29.524Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Visual responses of tsetse to stationary targets

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

A. M. Jordan  and
C. H. Green
A. M. Jordan
Affiliation:
Tsetse Research Laboratory, University of Bristol, School of Veterinary Science, Langford, Bristol BS18 7DU, England
C. H. Green
Affiliation:
Tsetse Research Laboratory, University of Bristol, School of Veterinary Science, Langford, Bristol BS18 7DU, England
Get access

Abstract

A wide range of objects have been designed to attract tsetse, such as simple cloth screens, or to both attract and catch them, traps of varying degrees of complexity. The shape and size of these objects affect the number of flies that are attracted to their vicinity and those that actually alight on them or, in the case of traps, are caught by them. Studies on the spectral responses of male Glossina morsitans morsitans, using electrophysiological and behavioural techniques, have shown response maxima in the u.v. and in areas of the visible range. Preliminary field studies are described, in which performances of traps covered in different coloured materials of known spectral reflectance were assessed. The most important colour determinant of trap score is the proportion of attractive blue (400–500 nm) to unattractive green-yellow (500–600 nm) in the reflectance of the material used. Reflectivity of red (above 600 nm) is also a positive factor in trap attractiveness. Optimising the visual attractiveness of targets is particularly important if odour is not employed to effect the initial attraction of tsetse to their vicinity.

Keywords

Glossina morsitans morsitanstsetsevisual responsesspectral responsestraps
Type
Research Article
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 5 , Special Issue 5: Tsetse Behaviour and Population Ecology , October 1984 , pp. 331 - 334
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1984

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Barrass, R. (1960) The settling of tsetse flies Glossina morsitans Westwood (Diptera, Muscidae) on cloth screens. Entomologia exp. appl. 3, 59–67.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brady, J. (1972) The visual responsiveness of the tsetse fly Glossina morsitans Westw. (Glossinidae) to moving objects: the effects of hunger, sex, host odour and stimulus characteristics. Bull. ent. Res. 62, 257–279.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Buxton, P. A. (1955) The natural history of tsetse flies. An account of the biology of the genus Glossina (Diptera). Mem. Lond. Sch. Hyg. trop. Med. No. 10.Google Scholar
Challier, A., Eyraud, M., Lafaye, A. and Laveissière, C. (1977) Amélioration du rendement du piège biconique pour glossines (Diptera, Glossinidae) par l'emploi d'un cône inférieur bleu. Cah. ORSTOM, sér. Ent. méd. Parasit. 15, 283–286.Google Scholar
Challier, A. and Laveissière, C. (1973) Un nouveau piège pour la capture des glossines (Glossina: Diptera, Musidae): description at essais sur le terrain. Cah. ORSTOM, sér. Ent. méd. Parasit. 11, 251–262.Google Scholar
Davis, J. C. and Gooding, R. H. (1983) Spectral sensitivity and flicker fusion frequencies of the compound eye of salmon and wild-type tsetse flies, Glossina morsitans. Physiol. Ent. 8, 15–23.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dean, G. J. W., Clements, S. A. and Paget, J. (1969) Observations on some possible attractants of tsetse flies (Glossina morsitans Westw. and G. pallidipes Aust.). Bull. ent. Res. 59, 423–434.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Green, C. H. and Cosens, D. (1983) Spectral responses of the tsetse fly, Glossina morsitans morsitans. J. Insect Physiol. 29, 795–800.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Green, C. H. and Jordan, A. M. (1983) The responses of Glossina morsitans morsitans to a commercial light trap. Entomologia exp. appl. 33, 336–342.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hadaway, A. B. (1977) Resting behaviour of tsetse flies, and its relevance to their control with residual insecticides. COPR Misc. Rep. 36, 1–11.Google Scholar
Hargrove, J. W. (1977) Some advances in the trapping of tsetse (Glossina spp.) and other flies. Ecol. Ent. 2, 123–137.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hargrove, J. W. (1980a) The effect of model size and ox odour on the alighting response of Glossina morsitans Westwood and G. pallidipes Austen (Diptera: Glossinidae). Bull. ent. Res. 70, 229–234.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hargrove, J. W. (1980b) Improved estimates of the efficiency of traps for Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood and G. pallidipes Austen (Diptera: Glossinidae), with a note on the effect of the concentration of accompanying host odour on efficiency. Bull. ent. Res. 70, 579–587.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hargrove, J. W. and Vale, G. A. (1978) The effect of host odour concentration on catches of tsetse flies (Glossinidae and other Diptera in the field). Bull. ent. Res. 68, 607–612.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hargrove, J. W. and Vale, G. A. (1979) Aspects of the feasibility of employing odour-baited traps for controlling tsetse flies (Diptera: Glossinidae). Bull. ent. Res. 69, 283–290.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lambrecht, F. L. (1973) Colour attraction of Glossina morsitans in N'Gamiland, Botswana. J. trop. Med. Hyg. 76, 94–96.Google Scholar
Laveissière, C. and Couret, D. (1981) Essai de lutte contre les glossines riveraines à l'aide d'écrans imprégnés d'insecticide. Cah. ORSTOM, sér. Ent. méd. Parasit. 19, 271–283.Google Scholar
Laveissière, C., Kiénou, J-P. and Traoré, T. (1981) Écologie de Glossina tachinoides Westwood, 1850, en savane humide d'Afrique de l'Ouest. VIII. Facteurs influençant le choix d'un lieu de repos diurne. Cah. ORSTOM, sér. Ent. méd. Parasit. 19, 261–269.Google Scholar
Lewillon, R. (1945) Le piégeage experimental de Glossina palpalis à la Mission Médicate du Kwango. Rec. Sci. méd. Congo belge 4, 45–57.Google Scholar
Stark, W. S., Ivanyshyn, A. M. and Hu, K. G. (1976) Spectral sensitivities and photopigments in adaptation of fly visual receptors. Naturwissenschaften 63, 513–518.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Swynnerton, C. F. M. (1933) Some traps for tsetse flies. Bull. ent. Res. 13, 317–371.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vale, G. A. (1971) Artificial refuges for tsetse flies (Glossina spp.) Bull. ent. Res. 61, 331–350.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vale, G. A. (1974) The responses of tsetse flies (Diptera, Glossinidae) to mobile and stationary baits. Bull. ent. Res. 64, 545–588.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vale, G. A. (1982a) The trap-orientated behaviour of tsetse flies (Glossinidae) and other Diptera. Bull. ent. Res. 72, 71–93.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vale, G. A. (1982b) The improvement of traps for tsetse flies (Diptera: Glossinidae). Bull. ent. Res. 72, 95–106.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vale, G. A. and Hargrove, J. W. (1975) Field attraction of tsetse flies (Diptera: Glossinidae) to ox odour; the effects of dose. Trans. Rhod. Scient. Ass. 56, 46–50.Google Scholar
Vale, G. A. and Hargrove, J. W. (1979) A method of studying the efficiency of traps for tsetse flies (Diptera: Glossinidae) and other insects. Bull. ent. Res. 69, 183–193.CrossRefGoogle Scholar