Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gxg78 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-18T18:53:45.235Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The use of small plots to study populations of tsetse (Diptera: Glossinidae): Difficulties associated with population dispersal

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

G. A. Vale ,
B. S. Hursey ,
J. W. Hargrove ,
S. J. Torr  and
R. Allsopp
G. A. Vale
Affiliation:
Tsetse and Trypanosomiasis Control Branch, Department of Veterinary Services, P.O. Box 8283, Causeway, Harare, Zimbabwe
B. S. Hursey
Affiliation:
Tsetse and Trypanosomiasis Control Branch, Department of Veterinary Services, P.O. Box 8283, Causeway, Harare, Zimbabwe
J. W. Hargrove
Affiliation:
Tsetse and Trypanosomiasis Control Branch, Department of Veterinary Services, P.O. Box 8283, Causeway, Harare, Zimbabwe
S. J. Torr
Affiliation:
Tsetse and Trypanosomiasis Control Branch, Department of Veterinary Services, P.O. Box 8283, Causeway, Harare, Zimbabwe
R. Allsopp
Affiliation:
Tropical Development and Research Institute, College House, Wrights Lane, London W8, U.K.
Get access

Abstract

In the Zambezi Valley of Zimbabwe, ULV applications of non-residual insecticide (endo-sulphan and NRDC 161) were made to a 1.8 × 1.8 km block of woodland infested with Glossina morsitans morsitans Westw. and G. pallidipes Austen. The recapture rates of marked flies released in the centre of the block, and recaptured in odour-baited traps in and around the block, indicated that the insecticides killed about 97% of flies that had been released 1–4 hr before spraying. Catches of unmarked male G. m. morsitans in the centre of the block declined after the insecticide applications, but there was no clear effect on catches of female G. m. morsitans and both sexes of G. pallidipes. Data for the movement of marked flies suggested that the minimum daily rates of movement were about 700 m for male G. m. morsitans and about 800 m for the other tsetse. An increase in dawn temperatures, from 17.5 to 27.5°C, was associated with an increase in the rate movement of G. pallidipes in the early morning. The failure to detect changes in the unmarked populations of female G. m. morsitans and both sexes of G. pallidipes was attributed to the high mobilities of these flies and demonstrated that unmarked populations could not be studied satisfactorily in small plots; studies based on marked populations are recommended for such plots.

Keywords

TsetseGlossina morsitans morsitansG. pallidipesspray trialsmark/release/recapturedispersalZimbabwe
Type
Research Article
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 5 , Special Issue 5: Tsetse Behaviour and Population Ecology , October 1984 , pp. 403 - 410
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1984

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Brady, J. (1972) Spontaneous, circadian components of tsetse fly activity. J. Insect Physiol. 18, 471–484.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brady, J. (1975) ‘Hunger’ in the tsetse fly: the nutritional correlates of behaviour. J. Insect Physiol, 21, 807–829.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bursell, E. (1984) Effects of host odour on the behaviour of tsetse flies. Insect Sci. Applic. 5, 345–349.Google Scholar
Bursell, E. and Taylor, P. (1980) An energy budget for Glossina (Diptera iGlossinidae). Bull. ent. Res. 70, 187–196.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chapman, N. G. (1976) Aerial spraying of tsetse flies (Glossina spp.) in Rhodesia with ultra low volumes of Endosulfan. Trans. Rhod. Scient. Ass. 57, 12–21.Google Scholar
Cockbill, G. F. (1971) The control of tsetse and trypano-somiasis in Rhodesia. Bull. Off. int. Epizoot. 76, 347–352.Google Scholar
Hall, D. R., Beevor, P. S., Cork, A., Nesbitt, B. F. and Vale, G. A. (1984) 1-octen-3-ol: A potent olfactory stimulant and attractant for tsetse flies isolated from cattle. Insect. Sci. Applic. 5, 335–339.Google Scholar
Hargrove, J. W. (1981a) Tsetse dispersal viewed as a diffusion process with applications to the control of the fly using odour baited traps. Report to the WHO Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases.Google Scholar
Hargrove, J. W. (1981b) Tsetse dispersal reconsidered. J. Anim. Ecol. 50, 351–373.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hargrove, J. W. and Vale, G. A. (1979) Aspects of the feasibility of employing odour-baited traps for controlling tsetse flies (Diptera: Glossinidae). Bull. ent. Res. 69, 283–290.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hargrove, J. W. and Vale, G. A. (1980) Catches of Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood and G. pallidipes Austen (Diptera.-Glossinidae) in odour-baited traps in riverine and deciduous woodlands in the Zambesi Valley of Zimbabwe. Bull. ent. Res. 70, 571–578.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harris, R. H. T. P. (1932) Some facts and figures regarding the attempted control of Glossina pallidipes in Zululand. S. Afr. J. Sci. 29, 495–507.Google Scholar
Jackson, C. H. N. (1946) An artificially isolated generation of tsetse flies (Diptera). Bull ent. Res. 37, 291–299.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pilson, R. D. and Pilson, B. M. (1967) Behaviour studies of Glossina morsitans Westw. in the field. Bull. ent. Res. 57, 227–257.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rogers, D. (1977) Study of a natural population of Glossina fuscipes fuscipes Newstead and a model of fly movement. J. Anim. Ecol. 46, 309–330.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vale, G. A. (1974) The responses of tsetse flies to mobile and stationary baits. Bull. ent. Res. 64, 545–588.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vale, G. A. (1980) Field studies of the responses of tsetse flies (Glossinidae) and other Diptera to carbon dioxide, acetone and other chemicals. Bull. ent. Res. 70, 563–570.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vale, G. A. (1982) The improvement of traps for tsetse flies (Diptera:Glossinidae). Bull. ent. Res. 72, 95–106.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vale, G. A. and Cumming, D. H. M. (1976) The effects of selective elimination of hosts on a population of tsetse flies (Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood) (Diptera: Glossinidae)). Bull. ent. Res. 66, 713–729.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vale, G. A., Hargrove, J. W., Jordan, A. M., Langley, P. A. and Mews, A. R. (1976) Survival and behaviour of tsetse flies (Diptera:Glossinidae) released in the field: a comparison between wild flies and animal-fed and in vitro fed laboratory-reared flies. Bull. ent. Res. 66, 731–744.CrossRefGoogle Scholar