Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-l7hp2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-27T23:58:22.889Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Reproductive status, catch and age compositions of a natural population of Glossina morsitans submorsitans in Bahr El Arab fly belt, Sudan

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

M. M. Mohamed-Ahmed ,
E. I. Abdel Karim  and
A. H. A. Rahman
M. M. Mohamed-Ahmed
Affiliation:
Veterinary Research Administration, P.O. Box 8067, El Amarat, Soba, Khartoum, Sudan
E. I. Abdel Karim
Affiliation:
Veterinary Research Administration, P.O. Box 8067, El Amarat, Soba, Khartoum, Sudan
A. H. A. Rahman
Affiliation:
Veterinary Research Administration, P.O. Box 8067, El Amarat, Soba, Khartoum, Sudan
Get access

Abstract

Studies were conducted during the dry period February to May 1986 in River Shelliekha, Bahr El Arab fly belt, Sudan, to obtain baseline data on catch and age compositions, reproductive status and trypanosome infection rates of trapped and fly round samples of Glossina morsitans submorsitans. The objective was to assess the tsetse situation before the establishment of trypanosomiasis treatment stations at the northern limits of the fly belt. Trapped tsetse included significantly higher proportions of teneral and non-teneral females and a lower male:female ratio. Insemination rates were over 98% in both samples. In any one group, the frequency of pregnancy with egg predominated, followed by the second, first and lastly the third instar larva. There were significant differences between the two groups of females in the proportions of nullipars and pregnancy with any one of the larval instars. Abortion was the predominant reproductive abnormality and no relationship could be found between abortion rate and the sampling method, age or trypanosome infection rate of females. Age compositions were similar in the two samples, save for age categories 0 and 1 for females and two and four for males. Flies were infected with Trypanosoma vivax and T. congolense only, though T. brucei infections could also be diagnosed in livestock.

Résumé

Des études ont été conduites durant la aison séche de Févier à Mai 1986, sur la riviére Shelliekha, dans la ceinture de mouches tsé-tsé de Bahr El Arab au Soudan, en que d'obtenir des données de base sur la capture et la composition en âges, sur la reproductivité et le taux d'infection au trypanosome par les mouches, Glossina morsitans submorsitans, capturées par piégeage et par écrans attractifs. L'objectif du travail était d'estimer la population de la mouche tsé-tsé avant d'installer des stations de traitement de trypanosome dans le nord de la ceinture de mouches. Les mouches tsé-tsé capturées comprenaient un nombré élevé de mouches àjeun et de femelles adultes et une faible proportion mâle:femelle. Les taux d'insémination étaint supérieurs à 98% dans les deux types d'echantillonnage. La fréquence de femelles gravides dans les deux groupes était prédominante, suivis par le second, premier et dernier stades larvaires. II y avait de différences significatives entre les femelles de deux groupes échantillonés en ce qui concerne le nombre d'individus n'ayant pas pondu les oeufs et les femelles gravides, quels que soient les stades larvaires. L'avortement etait I'anomalie de reproduction prédominante, aucun rapport n'a été trouvé entre le taux d'avortement et la technique d'echantillonnage, i'âge ou le taux d'infection au trypanosome par les femelles. La composition en âges etait identique dans les deux échantillons à l'exception de la categorie d'âge 0 et 1 pour les femelles, et deux quatre pour les mâles. Les mouches tsé-tsé étaient essentiellment infestées avec Trypanosoma vivax et T. congolense bien que l'infection à T. brucei a pu être diagnostiquée chez le bétail.

Keywords

Glossina morsitans submorsitanstrapsfly roundinseminationpregnancyabortionageTrypanosoma vivaxT. congolenseT. brucei
Type
Research Articles
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 14 , Issue 4 , August 1993 , pp. 445 - 453
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1993

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Abdel El Razig, M. T. and Yagi, A. I. (1973) The distribution and advance of Glossina morsitans in Southern Darfur District. Bull. Epizoot. Dis. Afr. 21, 253–258.Google Scholar
Allsop, R. (1985) Wing fray in Glossina morsitans centralis (Diptera: Glossinidae). Bull. Entomol. Res. 75, 1–11.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Buxton, P. A. (1955) The Natural History of Tsetse Flies, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Memoir No. 10, London, H. K. Lewis & Co. Ltd.Google Scholar
Challier, A. (1965) Amelioration de la methode de determination de l'age physiologique des glossines. Etudes faites sur Glossina palpalis gambiense Vanderplank 1949. Bull. Soc. Path. Exot. 58, 250–259.Google Scholar
Challier, A. and Laveissiere, C. (1973) Un nouveau piege pour la capture des glossines (Glossina: Diptera, Muscidae) description et essais sur le terrain. Cah. ORSTOM Ser. Entomol. Parasitol. 11, 251–260.Google Scholar
Dransfield, R. D., Brightwell, R., Chaudhury, M. F. B., Golder, T. K. and Tarimo, S. A. R. (1986) The use of odour attractants for sampling Glossina pallidipes Austen (Diptera: Glossinidae) at Nguruman, Kenya. Bull. Entomol. Res. 76, 607–619.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Denlinger, D. L. and Ma, W. C. (1974) Dynamics of the pregnancy cycle in the tsetse Glossina morsitans. J. Insect Physiol. 20, 1015–1026.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ford, J. and Katondo, K. M. (1977) Maps of tsetse flies (Glossina) distribution in Africa, 1973 according to subgeneric groups on scale 1:5,000,000. Bull. Anim. Hlth. Prod. Afr. 25, 188–194.Google Scholar
Glasgow, J. P. (1963) The Distribution and Abundance of Tsetse. 241 pp. Pergamon Press, Oxford.Google Scholar
Hall, M. J. R., Khier, S. M., Rahman, A. H. A. and Noga, S. (1983) Tsetse and trypanosomiasis survey of Southern Darfur Province I. Bovine trypanosomiasis. Trop. Anim. Hlth. Prod. 15, 191–206.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hall, M. J. R., Khier, S. M., Rahman, A. H. A. and Noga, S. (1984) Tsetse and trypanosomiasis survey of Southern Darfur Province II. Entomological aspects. Trop. Anim. Hlth. Prod. 16, 127–140.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hargrove, J. W. (1977) Some advances in trapping of tsetse (Glossina spp.) and other files. Ecol. Entomol. 2, 123–137.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harley, J. M. B. (1967a) Further studies on age and trypanosome infection rates of Glossina pallidipes Aust., G. palpalis fuscipes Newst. and G. brevipalpis Newst. in Uganda. Bull. Entomol. Res. 57, 459–177.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harley, J. M. B. (1967b) The influence of sampling method on the trypanosome infection rate of catches of Glossina pallidipes Aust., G. palpalis fuscipes Newst., and G. brevipalpis Newst. Entomol. Exp. Appl. 10, 240–252.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jackson, C. H. N. (1946) An artificially isolated generation of tsetse flies (Diptera). Bull. Entomol. Res. 37, 291–299.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jordan, A. M. (1974) Recent developments in the ecology and methods of control of tsetse flies Glossina spp. (Diptera: Glossinidae). Bull. Entomol. Res. 63, 361–399.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Katondo, K. M. (1984) Revision of second edition of tsetse distribution maps. An interim report. Insect Sci.Applic. 5, 381–388.Google Scholar
Langley, P. A. and Hall, M. J. R. (1984) Aspects of the regulation of the mating behaviour in tsetse. Insect Sci. Applic. 5, 351–356.Google Scholar
Lloyd, L. L. and Johnson, W. B. (1924) The trypanosome infection of tsetse flies in Northern Nigeria and a new method of estimation. Bull. Entomol. Res. 14, 265–288.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Madubunyi, L. C. (1978) Relative frequency of reproductive abnormalities in a natural population of Glossina morsitans morsitans (Diptera: Glossinidae) in Zambia. Bull. Entomol. Res. 68, 437–442.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mohammed-Ahmed, M. M., and Dairri, M. F. (1987) Trypanosome infection rate of Glossina pallidipes during wet and dry seasons in Somalia. Trap. Anim. Hlth. Prod. 19, 11–20.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mohamed-Ahmed, M. M., Abdel Karim, E. I. and Rahman, A. H. A. (1988) Field multiple drug-resistant bovine trypanosomes and recommendations for a new drug policy in South Darfur Province, Sudan. Veterinary Research Administration Report. Soba. Khartoum, Sudan.Google Scholar
Mohamed-Ahmed, M. M., Ahmed, A. I. and Ishag, A. (1989) Trypanosome infection rate of Glossina morsitans submorsitans in Bahr El Arab, South Darfur Province Sudan. Trop. Anim. Hlth. Prod. 21, 229–244.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Okiwelu, S. N. (1977) Insemination, pregnancy and suspected abortion rates in a natural population of Glossina morsitans morsitans (Diptera: Glossinidae) in the Republic of Zambia. J. Med. Entomol. 14, 19–23.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Otieno, L. H. (1983) Inadequacy of the dissection method for estimation of the trypanosome infection rates. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasitol. 77, 329–330.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Randolf, S. E. and Rogers, D. J. (1981) Physiological correlatesof the availability of Glossina morsitans centralis Machado to different sampling methods. Ecol. Entomol. 6, 63–77.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rogers, D. J. (1978) Metabolic strategies of male and female tsetse (Diptera: Glossinidae) in the field. Bull. Entomol. Res. 68, 639–654.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ryan, L. and Molyneux, D. H. (1982) Reproductive statistics of a natural population of Glossina morsitans centralis Vand. (Diptera:Glossinidae). Ann. Trop. Med. Parasitol. 76, 215–218.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Saunders, D. S. (1962) Age determination for female tsetse flies and the age compositions of samples of G. pallidipes, G. p. fuscipes and G. brevipalpis. Bull. Entomol. Res. 53, 221–238.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Snow, W. F. (1977) The Malaise trap as a method for sampling Glossina morsitans submorsitans Newstead: a primary note. Proc. Int. Sci. Comm. Tryp. Res. 15th Meeting Banjul, The Gambia, Publication No. 110, pp. 329–333.Google Scholar
Takken, W. (1984) Studies on the biconical. trap as a sampling device for tsetse (Diptera: Glossiriidae) in Mozambique. Insect Sci. Applic. 5, 357–361.Google Scholar
Turner, D. A. (1987) The population ecology of Glossina pallidipes Austen (Diptera:Glossinidae) in the Lambwe Valley, Kenya I. Feeding behaviour and activity patterns. Bull. Entomol. Res. 77, 317–333.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Turner, D. A. and Snow, W. F. (1984) Reproductive abnormality and loss in natural populations of Glossina pallidipes Austen (Diptera: Glossi nidae) in Kenya. Bull. Entomol. Res. 74, 299–309.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vale, G. A. (1980) Field studies of responses of tsetse flies (Glossinidae) and other Diptera to carbon dioxide, acetone and other chemicals. Bull. Entomol. Res. 70, 563–570.CrossRefGoogle Scholar