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A Management Strategy for Mites and the Potential for Biological Control in Flower Production

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

J. J. Anyango
Affiliation:
Kenya Agricultural Research Institute-National Agricultural Research Laboratories (NARL) P. O. Box 14733, Nairobi, Kenya
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Abstract

We studied the mite complex—consisting of Tetranychus cinnabarinus (Boisduval), T. urticae (Koch) and Aculops spp.—on three varieties of carnation (Finesse, Optima and White Barbara) in a flower farm in Kenya. Over a period of 24 months, those carnations established in a soilless substrate (pumice in gunny bags) harboured on average less than five mites per leaf as compared to over 20 per leaf on plants established on bare soils. This was the case whether the crop was judiciously or prolifically sprayed with acaricides. The study further established that the economic gain was the same when lower volumes of pesticides were used, whether sprayed judiciously or prolifically. The variety White Barbara generally harboured higher mite numbers than Finesse or Optima. Furthermore, there were fewer rejections, and higher market value when plants were established on pumice substrate compared to bare soils. The study further showed that planting in pumice holds promise for mite control in flower farms. Furthermore, predatory natural enemies of the pest mites, including phytoseiid mites and Orius spp., were conserved in plots where pumice was used with minimum spray.

Résumé

Nous avons effectué un suivi des populations des trois acariens Tetranychus cinnabarinus (Boisduval), T. urticae (Koch) et Aculops spp. sur trois variétés d'oeillets (Finesse, Optima et White Barbara) dans une ferme de fleurs au Kenya. Sur une période de 24 mois, les oeillets, cultivés hors sol (pierre ponce en sac de jute), ont hébergé en moyenne moins de 5 acariens par feuille alors que ceux cultivés en pleine terre en ont hébergé en moyenne plus de 20. Le même résultat a été observé sur des plantes normalement ou abondamment traitées avec des acaricides. L'étude a ensuite établi que le bénéfice était le mêma, quand de faibles doses de pesticides étaient utilisées, que la pulvérisation soit normale ou abondante. La variété White Barbara héberge généralement plus d'acariens que les variétés Finesse ou Optima. Par ailleurs, il y a eu moins d'invendus et une valeur marchande supérieure quand les plants ont été cultivés hors sol plutôt qu'en pleine terre. L'étude a également montré que la culture hors sol est prometteuse pour le contrôle des acariens dans les fermes de fleurs. En outre, les prédateurs de ces acariens phytophages, parmi lesquels l'on trouve des acariens phytoseides et Orius spp. se maintiennent dans les parcelles lorsque la culture hors sol est pratiquée avec peu de pulvérisation.

Type
Research Articles
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 2003

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References

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