Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t8hqh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-30T23:44:29.924Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Insecticidal Activity of Ageratum conyzoides L. Volatile Oil against Callosobruchus maculatus F. in Seed Treatment and Fumigation Laboratory Tests

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

A. A. Gbolade ,
O. A. Onayade  and
B. A. Ayinde
A. A. Gbolade*
Affiliation:
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
O. A. Onayade
Affiliation:
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
B. A. Ayinde
Affiliation:
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Benin, Benin-City, Nigeria
*
Corresponding author: AAG. E-mail: [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

A laboratory study was carried out to assess the effects of seed treatment and fumigation of artificially infested cowpea with the volatile oil of air-dried leaves of Ageratum conyzoides L. (Asteraceae). The oil exerted acute toxicity on adults of the cowpea weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus F. upon fumigation. Maximal mortality of 95–97% was inflicted by 60 μl oil. Application of oil dressing on cowpea seed exhibited remarkable insecticidal activity-against the weevil. Significant oviposition deterrency and complete inhibition of emergence of adult insects (F1 offspring) from oil-treated beans were evident at doses of 2.5 μl to 10 μ1/9.5 g beans. No adverse physical effects on the beans were noticed at these doses. The major isolate of the essential oil, precocene I, was four times as active as the oil.

Résumé

Une étude a été menée au laboratoire, afin de déterminer l'effet d'enrobage ou de fumigation des grains de niébé par utilisation de Ageratum conyzoides L. (Asteraceae), sous forme d'huile volatile des feuilles séchées à l'air libre. Par fumigation, l'huile volatile exercait une toxicité aiguë sur les adultes de Callosobruchus maculatus F., un charancon des grains de niébé. L'application de 60 μl d'huile par gramme degrains provoquait une mortalité maximale de 95–97%. L'enrobage des grains de niébé au moyen de l'huile montrait une activité insecticide exceptionelle vis-à-vis du charançon. Des doses de 2,5 μl à 10 μl d'huile/9,5 gr de grains de niébé provoquaient une limitation significative de ponte, une dépression d'emergence d'adultes (descendance F1) et aucune détérioration physique des grains ne fut observée. L'isolat le plus important de l'huile essentielle, le précocène I, s'est montré quatre fois plus actif que l'huile.

Keywords

cowpeaAgeratum conyzoidesvolatile oilprecocene Iinsecticidal activityCallosobruchus maculatusniébéAgeratum conyzoideshuile volatileprécocène Ipouvoir insecticideCallosobruchus maculatus
Type
Research Articles
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 19 , Issue 2-3 , September 1999 , pp. 237 - 240
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1999

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Ekundayo, O., Laakso, I. and Hiltunen, R. (1988) Essential oil of Ageratum conyzoides. Planta Med. 54, 55–57.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gbolade, A. A. and Adebayo, T. A. (1993a) An investigation into the toxicity of volatile oils to adults of Callosobruchus maculatile F. Pakistan J. Entomol. (Kar.) 8, 17–25.Google Scholar
Gbolade, A. A. and Adebayo, T. A. (1993b) Fumigant effects of some volatile oils on fecundity and adult emergence. Insect Sci. Applic. 14, 631–636.Google Scholar
Gbolade, A. A. and Adebayo, T. A. (1994) Protection of stored cowpea from Callosobruchus maculatus using plant products. Insect Sci. Applic. 15, 185–189.Google Scholar
Jibodu, O. A. (1989) Evaluation of the bioactive properties of the volatile oil of Hemizygia welwitschii (Rolfe) M. Ashby (Labiatae). MSc Thesis, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.Google Scholar
Messina, F. J. and Renwick, J. A. A. (1983) Effectiveness of oils in protecting stored cowpea from the cowpea weevil (Coleoptera: Bruchidae). J. econ. Entomol. 76, 634–636.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mishra, R. C. and Kumar, J. (1983) Evaluation of Mentila piperita L. oil as a fumigant against red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst). Indian Perfumer 27, 73–76.Google Scholar
Okunade, A. and Olaifa, J. I. (1987) Estragole: An acute toxic principle from volatile oil of the leaves of Clausena anisata. J. Nat. Prod. 50, 990–991.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Olaifa, J. I. and Erhun, W. O. (1988) Laboratory evaluation of Piperguinéense for the protection of cowpea against Callosobruchus maculatus. Insect Sci. Applic. 9, 55–59.Google Scholar
Osisiogu, I. U. W. and Agbakwuru, E. O. P. (1978) Dennettia oil-a new seed preservative. Nigerian J. Sci. 12, 477–485.Google Scholar
Pathak, A. K. and Dixit, V. K. (1988) Insecticidal and insect repellent activity of essential oils of Tridax procumbens and Cyathocline lyrata. Fitoterapia 59, 211–214.Google Scholar
Pereira, J. (1983) The effectiveness of six vegetable oils as protectants of cowpeas and bambara groundnuts againt infestation by Callosobruchus maculatus (F) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae): J. stored Prod. Res. 19, 57–62.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schulz, F. A. (1986) Protection of stored products by means of plant constituents. I. Essential oil of Bystropogon spp., pp. 653–659. In Proc 3rd Int. Neem Conf. Nairobi, Kenya, (Eschborn, 1987). GTZ-Eschborn, Germany.Google Scholar
Singh, K. N. and Srivastava, B. P. (1983) Relative toxicity of various fumigants to the adults of two species of Callosobruchus and the susceptibility of different sexes to these fumigants. Indian J. Entomol. 45, 130–138.Google Scholar