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Greenhouse evaluation of rice cultivars for resistance to gall midge, Orseolia oryzae (Wood-Mason) and studies on mechanism of resistance

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

Mangal Sain  and
M. B. Kalode
Mangal Sain
Affiliation:
Directorate of Rice Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad-500 030, India
M. B. Kalode
Affiliation:
Directorate of Rice Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad-500 030, India
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Abstract

A total of 2256 germplasm accessions, 3000 advanced generation breeding lines and 150 released varieties of rice were screened under artificial infestation in the greenhouse. Among these, 15 new germplasm accessions, 50 breeding lines derived from 16 crosses and 15 released varieties were resistant. Antibiosis was the predominant resistance mechanism; antixenosis affecting oviposition was noted in 33 resistant varieties. Biochemical composition of a set of resistant varieties along with susceptible checks, revealed that nitrogen content of seven test varieties was significantly higher than that of the susceptible checks, while in other six varieties it was lower than the checks. Similarly, eight of the resistant varieties had considerably higher percentage of polyphenolic compounds in basal stem portion, but seven other cultivars showed significantly lower concentration as compared to susceptible checks. Thus, it was apparent that there was no clear trend among the resistant cultivars as a group in relation to quantitative differences of chemical components analysed.

Résumé

Un total de 2256 acquisitions de la banque de matériel (végétal) génétique, 3000 lignées avançées de selection de génération et 150 variétés de riz mises sur marché ont été soumises à l'infestation artificielle en serre pour criblage. Parmi celles-ci, 15 nouvelles acquisitions de la banque de matériel génétique, 15 lignées de selection issues de 16 croisements et 15 variétés mises sur marché ont été trouvées résistantes. Le méchanisme de résistance dominant ici était l'antibiose; l'antixénose liée à la ponte a été observée sur 33 variétés résistantes. La composition biochimique d'un lot de variétés résistantes aux côtés de témoins susceptibles a révélé que la teneur en azote de sept variétés testées était significativement plus élévée que celle de témoins susceptibles alors que chez six autres variétés, elle était plus faible par rapport aux témoins. De même, huit autres variétés résistantes avaient nettement un plus haut pourcentage de composés polyphénoliques au niveau de la base de la tige tandis que sept autres variétés ont montré une plus faible concentration, comparées aux témoins susceptibles. Par conséquent, il était évident qu'aucune tendance claire ne s'était dégagées au sein des variétés résistantes en tant que groupe vu les differences quantitatives au niveau de composantes chimiques analysés.

Keywords

AntibiosisantixenosisOrseolia oryzaericeresistancegall midgegermplasmdonorsAntibioseantixénoseOrseola oryzaerizrésistancecécidomyiebanque de matériel génétiquedonneurs
Type
Research Articles
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 15 , Issue 1 , February 1994 , pp. 67 - 74
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1994

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