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Constituents of Commiphora rostrata and some of their analogues as maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais repellents

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

W. Lwande ,
A. Hassanali ,
P. G. Mcdowell ,
L. Moreka ,
S. K. Nokoe  and
P. G. Waterman
W. Lwande
Affiliation:
The International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, P. O. Box 30772, Nairobi, Kenya
A. Hassanali
Affiliation:
The International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, P. O. Box 30772, Nairobi, Kenya
P. G. Mcdowell
Affiliation:
BP Research International, Chertsey Road, Sunburry-on-Thames, Middlesex, TW16 7LN, UK
L. Moreka
Affiliation:
The International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, P. O. Box 30772, Nairobi, Kenya
S. K. Nokoe
Affiliation:
The International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, P. O. Box 30772, Nairobi, Kenya
P. G. Waterman
Affiliation:
Phytochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow Gl IXW, Scotland, UK
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Abstract

The major alkanone constituents of the resin of Commiphora rostrata, 2-decanone and 2-undecanone, and a series of structural analogues were bioassayed for their repellency against the maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais in olfactometric assays. All the aliphatic ketones and aldehydes showed comparable or greater activity than the synthetic commercial insect repellent N, N-diethyl toluamide (DEET). In the 2-alkanone series the C-8 and C-9 compounds demonstrated significantly higher activity than their shorter- and longer-chained congeners. Analogues differing in the relative positions of the carbonyl group, including aldehydes, showed a variable pattern of repellency. Alkanols appeared to be mildly attractive to the weevil. The results support our previous suggestion that the resin constituents may play an allomonal role in the ecosystem where the plant thrives.

Résumé

Les principaux constituents de la resin de Commiphora rostrata, 2-decanone et 2-undecanone, et une toute une serie des structures analogues furent essayé pour leur effet repellant contre Sitophilus zeamais. Tous les cetones aliphatiques et les aldehydes ont montré une activité plus importante que le repellant commercial N, N-diethyl toluamide (DEET). Dans les series du 2-alcanone, les substances C-8 et C-9 ont montré une activité significative par rapport aux chaînes congenères courtes et longues. Les analogues qui différent par la position relative de leur groupe carboxyl, y compris les aldehydes ont montré une image variable de repellance. Les alcohols apparaisent être attractive pour Sitophilus zeamais. Ces resultats supportent notre suggestion concernant les constituents de la resin qui peuvent jouer un rôle allomale sur l'ecosystèmes des plantes.

Keywords

Commiphora rostratamaize weevilSitophilus zeamaisinsect repellentsketonesaldehydesalkanones2-alkanones2-decanone2-undecanone2-dodecanoneN, N-diethyltoluamideDEETCommiphora rostrataSitophilus zeamaisrepellants des insectescetonesaldehydesalcanoncs2-alcanoncs2-decanone2-undecanone2-dodecanoneN, N-diethyltoluamideDEET
Type
Research Articles
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 13 , Issue 5 , October 1992 , pp. 679 - 683
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1992

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