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Breeding rice varieties for resistance against Chilo spp. of stem borers in Asia and Africa

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

R. C. Chaudhary  and
G. S. Khush
R. C. Chaudhary
Affiliation:
International Rice Research Institute, P. O. Box 933, Manila, Philippines
G. S. Khush
Affiliation:
International Rice Research Institute, P. O. Box 933, Manila, Philippines
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Abstract

Three species of Chilo, namely C. auricilius, C. suppressalis, and C. polychrysus are predominant in Asia; and the other three, C. zacconius, C. partellus, and C. diffusilineus are predominant in Africa on rice crop. Various screening methods to identify resistance donors in cultivated as well as wild rices have been used over the last 30 years. The level of resistance in available donors of cultivated species is moderate, except in some accessions of Oryza nivara/O. rufipogon, O. officinalis, O. brachyartha and O. minuta. Genetics of resistance is complex as appears from the review. Efforts to incorporate the resistance into new developing breeding lines have been sporadic and discontinuous in African countries. At IRRI and in many Asian countries, systematic approaches have been undertaken. Once donors with superior levels of resistance become available, systematic breeding approach has to be made with the help of multidisciplinary teams at suitable test sites. African breeding programmes need close linkage with IRRI's stem borer programme and International Rice Stem Borer Nursery.

Résumé

Trois espèces de Chilo, notamment C. auricilius, C. suppressalis et C. polychrysus sont prédominants en Asie; et les trois autres: C. zacconius, C. partellus et C. diffusilineus prédominent en Afrique dans la culture de riz. Beaucoup de méthodes de détection en vue d'identifier des donneurs résistants tant en riz cultivé tant qu'en riz sauvage ont été appliquées au cours de trente dernières années. Le degré de résistance dans le donneurs disponsibles relevés dans les espèces cultivées est modique, sauf quelques cas des Oryzanivara/O. rufipogon, O. officinalis, O. brachyartha et O. minuta. La génétique de la résistance est complexe comme on le voit dans la revue. Les efforts tendant à incorporer la résistance dans les lignées des cultures qu'on est en train de développer sont sporadiques et discountinues dans les pays africains. A IRRI et dans beaucoup de pays asiatiques, des approches systématiques ont été entreprises.

Dès que l'on obtiendra des donneurs ayant des degrés supérieurs de résistance, une approche de système de reproduction devra être fait avec l'aide des équipes multidisciplinaires aux sites convenables pour les tests. Les programmes de reproduction africains ont besoin de nouer des relations étroites avec le programme d'IRRI faisant des recherches sur les insectes térébrante et aussi avec l'“International Rice Stem Borer Nursery”.

Keywords

ChiloOryzavarietal resistancegenetics of resistancebreeding for resistancerice stem borers
Type
Breeding and Resistance Genetics
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 11 , Special Issue 4-5: Tropical Stem Borers of Graminaceous Crops: A New Synthesis , October 1990 , pp. 657 - 669
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1990

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