Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-2brh9 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-28T06:22:19.903Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Biology of the African rice gall midge Orseolia oryzivora (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) and its incidence on wet-season rice in Nigeria

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 March 2010

E.O. Ogah ,
J.A. Odebiyi ,
F.K. Ewete ,
A.A. Omoloye  and
F.E. Nwilene
E.O. Ogah*
Affiliation:
Department of Crop Production and Landscape Management, Ebonyi State University, PMB 053Abakaliki, Nigeria
J.A. Odebiyi
Affiliation:
Department of Crop Protection and Environmental Biology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
F.K. Ewete
Affiliation:
Department of Crop Protection and Environmental Biology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
A.A. Omoloye
Affiliation:
Department of Crop Protection and Environmental Biology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
F.E. Nwilene
Affiliation:
Africa Rice Center (WARDA), PMB 5320Ibadan, Nigeria
*
*E-mail: [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

The biology of the African rice gall midge Orseolia oryzivora Harris and Gagné was investigated in screenhouse and laboratory studies, and its incidence on cultivated wet-season rice was studied in farmers' fields during the 2006 and 2007 rice-growing seasons at two localities in Nigeria. This insect is nocturnal, and mating takes place immediately after emergence. Both mated and unmated females lay eggs, with mated females laying on average 389 eggs each, and unmated females laying about 87 sterile eggs. The egg stage takes on average 2.5 days. Larval development takes 3.6, 3.3 and 3.0 days for the first, second and third instars, respectively, while the pre-pupal and pupal stages take 2.8 and 6.1 days, respectively. Adult females live for 48–78 h, while males live for 24–30 h. The life cycle of O. oryzivora is completed within 21–24 days under screenhouse conditions. The adult male is slender and about 3 mm long, while the female is more rounded with a 4 mm long body and a bright red abdomen. The insect produces unisexual progeny. Field incidence is low at the beginning of the rainy season, peaking with the peak in rainfall and humidity that concurs with the vegetative stage of the crop. The population of the midge declines as temperatures rise. In conclusion, prediction models may be developed based on weather parameters, to aid in forecasting the field incidence of O. oryzivora and its management strategies. Furthermore, it may be possible to reduce the damage caused by O. oryzivora to rice crops by altering planting period and taking into account environmental factors.

Keywords

Orseolia oryzivorabiologyriceseasonal incidenceNigeria
Type
Research Paper
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 30 , Issue 1 , March 2010 , pp. 32 - 39
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 2010

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Africa Rice Center (WARDA) (2005) Annual Report. Cotonou Benin.Google Scholar
Africa Rice Center (WARDA) (2007) Africa Rice Trends. Overview of recent developments in the sub-Saharan Africa rice sector, Africa Rice Center Brief. WARDA, Cotonou. 8 pp.Google Scholar
Africa Rice Center (WARDA)/FAO/SAA (2008) In NERICA®: the New Rice for Africa – A Compendium (edited by Somado, E. A., Guei, R. G. and Keya, S. O.). FAO/Sasakawa/Africa association Africa Rice Center (WARDA), Cotonou/Rome/Tokyo. 2210 pp.Google Scholar
Baskauf, S. J. (2003) Factors influencing population dynamics of the southwest corn borer (Lepidoptera: Crambidae): a reassessment. Environmental Entomology 32, 915–928.Google Scholar
Bonzi, C. (1980) Wild host plants of the rice gall midge Orseolia oryzae W.M. (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) in Upper Volta. Technical Newsletter West African Rice Development Association 2, 5–6.Google Scholar
Heinrichs, E. A. and Barrion, A. T. (2004) Rice Feeding Insects and Selected Natural Enemies in West Africa, Biology, Ecology Identification (edited by Hettel, G. P.). International Rice research Institute. 237 pp.Google Scholar
Huang, C. K. (1957) Study on Pachydiplosis oryzae Wood-Mason in Fu-Chien province (in Chinese). East China Science Agricultural Journal 6, 293–304.Google Scholar
Imolehin, E. D. and Ukwungwu, M. N. (1992) Integrated pest management of rice in Nigeria. Paper presented at the IPM Task force meeting, 19–20 February 1992. West Africa Rice Development Association, Bouake, Cote d'Ivoire.Google Scholar
Janssen, A. and Sabelis, M. W. (1992) Phytoseiid life-histories, local predator–prey dynamics, and strategies for control of tetranychid mites. Experimental Applied Acarology 14, 233–250.Google Scholar
Kormawa, P. M., Keya, S. and Toure, A. A. (2004) Rice research and production in Africa, Rice Outlook 2004, 29–30 June 2004, Marseille, France.Google Scholar
Mohapatra, S. (2006) Putting rice on the African agenda, Rice Today. Vol. 5. Publication of the International Rice Research Institute, Manila. 50 pp.Google Scholar
Murua, G., Molina-Ochoa, J. and Coviella, C. (2006) Population dynamics of the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and its parasitoids in Northwestern Argentina. The Florida Entomologist 89, 175–182.Google Scholar
Nacro, S., Heinrichs, E. and Dakouo, D. (1996) Estimation of rice yield losses due to the African rice gall midge O. oryzivora Harris & Gagné. International Journal of Pest Management 42, 331–334.Google Scholar
Nwilene, F. E., Nwanze, K. F. and Okhidievbie, O. (2006) African Rice Gall Midge: Biology, Ecology and Control. Field Guide and Technical Manual. Africa Rice Centre, Cotonou. 18 pp.Google Scholar
Ogah, E. O., Echezona, B. C. and Umeh, E.-D. N. (2005) Effects of N-fertilization and spacing on Africa rice gall midge, Orseolia oryzivora Harris and Gagne in a Sub-Humid area of Southeastern Nigeria. Agro-Science 4, 15–18.Google Scholar
Ogah, E. O., Nwilene, F. E., Ukwungwu, M. N., Omoloye, A. A. and Agunbiade, T. A. (2009) Population dynamics of the African rice gall midge Orseolia oryzivora Harris and Gagne (Dipt.: Cecidomyiidae) and its parasitoids in the forest and southern Guinea savanna zones of Nigeria. International Journal of Tropical Insect Science 29, 86–92.Google Scholar
Ogah, E. O., Umeh, E.-D. N. and Oselebe, H. O. (2006) Effect of time of transplanting and spacing on the incidence of African rice gall midge H and G in Abakaliki. Journal of Science of Agriculture, Food Technology and Environment 6, 110–113.Google Scholar
Omoloye, A. A. (2006) Sex ratio bias in the F1 adult progeny of African rice gall midge, Orseolia oryzivora H. & G. (Dipt., Cecidomyiidae). Journal of Applied Entomology 130, 349–355.Google Scholar
Omoloye, A. A. and Fadina, O. O. (2003) Introduction to Plant Protection. Distance Learning Centre Series. Distance Learning Centre, Ibadan. 125 pp.Google Scholar
Omoloye, A. A. and Vidal, S. (2007) Abundance of 24-methylenecholesterol in traditional African rice as an indicator of resistance to the African rice gall midge, Orseolia oryzivora Harris & Gagné. Entomological Science 10, 249–257.Google Scholar
Omoloye, A. A., Odebiyi, J. A., Williams, C. T. and Singh, B. N. (2002) Tolerance indicators and responses of donor rice cultivars to infestation of the African rice gall midge, Orseolia oryzivora Harris and Gagné. Journal of Agricultural Science 139, 335–340.Google Scholar
Sain, M. and Kolade, M. B. (1988) Production of unisex progeny in rice gall midge O. oryzae (Wood-Mason). Current Science 57, 860–861.Google Scholar
SAS Institute (2002–2003) The GLM Procedure SAS/STAT User's Guide, version 6. SAS Institute, Cary, North Carolina.Google Scholar
Singh, B. N., Williams, C. T., Ukwungwu, M. N. and Maji, T. A. (2004) Breeding for resistance to African rice gall midge, pp. 121–129. In New Approaches to Gall Midge Resistance in Rice. Proceedings of the International Workshop, Hyderabad, India. 22–24 November 1998 (edited by Bennett, J., Bentur, J. S., Pasalu, I. C. and Krishnaiah, K.). The International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños.Google Scholar
Ukwungwu, M. N. and Misari, S. M. (1997) Management of African rice gall midge, Orseolia oryzivora Harris and Gagné in Nigeria. African Plant of Protection Vl, 27–34.Google Scholar
Williams, C. T., Okhidievbie, O., Harris, K. M. and Ukwungwu, M. N. (1999) The host range, annual cycle and parasitoids of the African rice gall midge Orseolia oryzivora (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) in central and south east Nigeria. Bulletin of Entomological Research 89, 585–597.Google Scholar
Williams, C. T., Ukwungwu, M. N., Singh, B. N. and Okhidievbie, O. (2001) Assessment of host plant resistance in Oryza sativa to the African rice gall midge O. oryzivora Harris and Gagné (Dipt., Cecidomyiidae), with a description of a new method for screening under artificial infestation. Journal of Applied Entomology 125, 341–349.Google Scholar