Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-2plfb Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-30T23:37:29.787Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Anatomical basis of cowpea resistance to the pod borer, Maruca testulalis (Geyer)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

T. O. Tayo
T. O. Tayo
Affiliation:
The International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, P.O. Box 30, Mbita, South Nyanza, Kenya
Get access

Abstract

The anatomy of damaged and undamaged young stem, peduncle and young pods were examined from transverse sections in three varieties of cowpea in order to evaluate the anatomical basis of resistance to the pod borer Maruca testulalis.

While tissue development in the stem, peduncle and pods of the three varieties of cowpea were similar, the relative thickness of the various tissues were different in the order Vita-1>ICV-2>TVu 946. The smaller diameter and the relative abundance of strengthening tissues in the stem and peduncle of TVu 946, by limiting total ingestible biomass, might be restricting the damage to these organs by the pod borer.

Pod damage, on the other hand, was concentrated on the parenchymatous tissue of the pod wall lining and inter-seed spaces and the sizes of this tissue were also different among the varieties in the order Vita-1>ICV-2>TVu 946, the same order of susceptibility to attack by M. testulalis.

Résumé

L'anatomie d'une jeune tige endommagée et non-endommagee, le pédoncule et des feunes cosses ont été examinés de la section transversale pour trois variétiés d'haricot pour évaluer la base anatomique de la résistance au perceur de la cosse, Maruca testulalis.

Tandis que le développement du tissu dans la tige, le pédoncule et les cosses des trois variétiés d'haricot étaient similaires, l'épaisseur relative des divers tissus était différente dans l'ordre Vita-1> 1CV-2> TVU 946. Le petit diamètre et l'abondance relative des tissus de renforcement dans la tige et le pédoncule du TVU 946 en limitant la biomasse totale ingérable, auraient restreint le dommage à ces organes par le perceur de la cosse.

L'abime de la cosse, de l'autre part, était concentre sur le tissu parenchymateux de l'écorse de la cosse et l'éspace entre les grains et les grosseurs de ce tissu étaient aussi differentes parmi les variétiés dans l'ordre Vita-1 > 1CV-2 > TVU 946, susceptibilité à l'attaque par Maruca testulalis.

Keywords

Cowpea resistancepod borerMaruca testulalisanatomy of stempedunclepodLa résistance de l'haricot (cowpea)le perceur de la cosseMaruca testulalisl'anatomie de la tigele pédoncule et la cosse
Type
Articles
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 10 , Issue 5 , October 1989 , pp. 631 - 638
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1989

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Chiang, H. S. and Norris, D.M. (1983) Physiological and anatomical stem parameters of soyabean resistance to agromyzidbean flies. Entomol. Exp. appl. 33, 203–212.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Esau, K. (1976) Anatomy of Seed Plants. 2nd ed., John Wiley and Sons Inc., New York.Google Scholar
Jackai, L.E.N. (1981) Relationship between cowpea crop phenology and field infestation by the legume pod borer M. testulalis. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 74, 402–408.Google Scholar
Jackai, L.E.N. (1982) A field screening technique for resistance of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) to pod borer Maruca testulalis (Geyer) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Bull. Entomol. Res. 72, 145–156.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
MacFoy, C.A. and Dabrowski, Z.T. (1984) Preliminary studies on cowpea resistance to Aphis craccivora Koch (Horn., Aphididae). Z. angew. Entomol. 97, 202–209.Google Scholar
MacFoy, C.A., Dabrowski, Z.T. and Okech, S. (1983) Studies on the legume pod-borer, Maruca testulalis (Geyer)—IV. Cowpea resistance to oviposition and larval feeding. Insect Sci. Applic. 4, 147–152.Google Scholar
Norris, D.M. and Kogan, M. (1980) Biochemical and morphological bases of resistance. In Breeding Plants Resistant to Insects (Edited by Maxwell, F.G. and Jennings, P.R.). John Wiley and Sons, New York.Google Scholar
Okech, S.H. (1986) Colonizing responses of Maruca testulalis (Geyer) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) to different cowpea cultivars in relation to their resistance/susceptibility. Ph.D. Thesis. Rivers State University of Science and Technology. Port Harcourt, Nigeria.Google Scholar
Okeyo-Owuor, J.B. and Ochieng, R.S. (1981) Studies on the legume pod-borer, Maruca testulalis (Geyer)—I. Life cycle and behaviour. Insect Sci. Applic. 1, 263–268.Google Scholar
Okeyo-Owuor, J.B., Agwaro, P.O. and Simbi, C.O.J. (1983) Studies on the legume pod-borer, Maruca testulalis (Geyer)—V. Larval population. Insect Sci. Applic. 4, 75–81.Google Scholar
Otieno, D. A., Hassanali, A. and Njoroge, P.W. (1985) Chemical basis of TVu 946 stem resistance to Maruca testulalis (Geyer). Insect Sci. Applic. 6, 259–262.Google Scholar
Wallace, L.E., McNeal, F.H. and Berg, M.A. (1973) Minimum stem solidness required in wheat for resistance to the wheat stem sawfly. J. econ. Entomol. 66, 1121–1123.Google Scholar