Hostname: page-component-669899f699-cf6xr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-04-27T04:58:21.946Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Which Neurological Examinations can be used to Predict Outcome During the Neonatal Period?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 March 2009

Frances Cowan
Frances Cowan
Affiliation:
Hammersmith Hospital, London
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

In this review I shall discuss the prognostic value of the clinical neurological examination, the EEG (and the various methods of recording it), evoked responses, and Doppler ultrasound measurements of cerebral blood velocity. Imaging modalities (ultrasound, CT, MRI) will be dealt with elsewhere under discussion of their diagnostic value.

Type
Methods in Follow-Up Studies after Neonatal Intensive Care
Information
International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care , Volume 7 , Supplement S1 , January 1991 , pp. 118 - 124
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1991

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Article purchase

Temporarily unavailable

References

REFERENCES

1.Archbald, F., Verma, U. L., Tejani, N. A., & Handwerker, S.Cerebral function monitor in the neo-nate: Birth asphyxia. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 1984, 26, 162–168.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2.ArcherL. J., N. L. J., N., Levene, M. I., & Evans, D. H.Cerebral artery Doppler ultrasonography for prediction of outcome after perinatal asphyxia. Lancet, 1986, ii, 1116–18.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
3.Bierman-van Eendenburg, M. E. C., Jurgens-van der Zee, A., Olinga, A. A., Huisjes, H. H., & Touwen, B. C. L.Predictive value of neonatal neurological examination: A follow-up study at 18 months. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 1981, 23, 296–305.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
4.Bjerre, I., Hellstrom-Westas, L., Rosen, I., & Svenningsen, N.Monitoring of cerebral function after severe asphyxia in infancy. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 1983, 58, 997–1002.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
5.Bradford, B. C., Bauden, J., Conway, M. J., Hazell, J. W. P., Stewart, A. L., & Reynolds, E. O. R.Identification of sensory neural hearing loss in very preterm infants by brainstem auditory evoked potentials. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 1985, 60, 105–09.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
6.Brown, J. K., Purvis, R. J., & Forfar, J. Q.Neurological aspects of perinatal asphyxia. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 1974, 16, 567–80.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
7.Clancy, R. R., Tharp, B. R., & Enzman, D.EEG in premature infants with intraventricular haemorrhage. Neurology, 1984, 34, 583–90.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
8.Coen, R. W., McCutcheon, C. B., Werner, D., & Snyder, J.Continuous monitoring of the electroencephalogram following perinatal asphyxia. Journal of Pediatrics, 1982, 100, 628–30.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
9.Connell, J. A., Oozeer, R., & Dubowitz, V.Continuous 4 channel EEG monitoring: A guide to interpretation, with normal values, in preterm infants. Neuropediatrics, 1987,18,138–45.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
10.Connell, J. A., Oozeer, R., Regev, R., de Vries, L. S., & Dubowitz, L. M. S.Continuous monitoring in the evaluation of echodense ultrasound lesion and cystic leukomalacia. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 1987, 62, 1019–26.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
11.Connell, J. A., Oozeer, R., Regev, R., de Vries, L. S., Dubowitz, L. M. S., & Dubowitz, V.Predicative value of early continuous electroencephalogram monitoring in ventilated preterm infants with intraventricular haemorrhage. Pediatrics, 1988, 82, 337–43.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
12.Connell, J., Oozeer, R., de Vries, L., Dubowitz, L. M. S., & Dubowitz, V.Continuous EEG monitoring for neonatal seizures: diagnostic and prognostic considerations. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 1989, 64, 452–58.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
13.Connell, J., Oozeer, R., de Vries, L., Dubowitz, L. M. S., & Dubowitz, V.Clinical and EEG response to anticonvulsants in neonatal seizures. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 1989, 64, 459–64.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
14.Dear, P. R. F., & Godfrey, D. J.Neonatal auditory brainstem response cannot reliably diagnose brainstem death. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 1985, 60, 17–19.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
15.de Vries, L. S., Dubowitz, L. M. S., Dubowitz, V., Kaiser, A., Lary, S., Silverman, M.Whitelaw, A., & Wigglesworth, J. S.Predictive value of cranial ultrasound in the newborn baby: a reappraisal. Lancet, 1985, ii, 137–40.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
16.de Vries, L. S., Connell, J., Pennock, J. M., Dubowitz, L. M. S., & Dubowitz, V.Neurological, electrophysiological and MRI abnormalities in infants with extensive cystic leukomalacia. Neuropediatrics, 1987, 18, 61–66.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
17.Dreyfus-Brisac, C.Neonatal electroencephalography. Reviews in Perinatal Medicine, 1979, 3, 397–471.Google Scholar
18.Dubowitz, L. M. S., Dubowitz, V., Palmer, P. G., Miller, G., Fawer, C.-L., & Levene, M. I.Correlation of neurologic assessment in the preterm newborn infant with outcome at 1 year. The Journal of Pediatrics, 1984, 105, 452–56.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
19.Dubowitz, L. M. S., de Vries, L., Mushin, J., & Arden, G. B.Visual function in the new-born infant: Is it cortically mediated? Lancet, 1986, i, 1139–41.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
20.Engel, R.Abnormal electroencephalogram in the neonatal period. Springfield, MA: Charles C. Thomas, 1975.Google Scholar
21.Eyre, J. A., Oozeer, R. C., & Wilkinson, A. R.Diagnosis of neonatal seizure by continuous recording and rapid analysis of the electroencephalogram. Archives of Disease in Child-hood, 1983, 58, 785–90.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
22.Eyre, J. A., & Koh, T. H. H. G.Maturation of descending motor pathways in man from birth to adulthood. Journal of Physiology, 1988, 396, 58P.Google Scholar
23.Greisen, G., Hellstrom-Westas, L., Lou, H., Rosen, I., & Svenningsen, N. W.EEG depression and germinal layer haemorrhage in the newborn. Acta Paediatrica Scandinavica, 1987, 76.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
24.Hakkinen, V. K., Ignatius, J., Koskinen, M., Koivikko, M. J., Ikonen, R. S., & Janas, M.Visual evoked potentials in high-risk infants. Neuropediatrics, 1987, 18, 70–74.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
25.Hellstrom-Westas, L., Rosen, I., & Svenningsen, N. W.Silent seizures in sick infants in early life. Acta Paediatrica Scandinavica, 1985, 74, 741–48.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
26.Hoffman, R. F.Developmental changes in human infant visual evoked potentials to patterned stimuli recorded at different scalp locations. Child Development, 1978, 49, 110–18.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
27.Holmes, G., Rowe, J., Hafford, J., Schmidt, R., Testa, M., & Zimmerman, A.Prognostic value of the electroencephalogram in neonatal asphyxia. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 1982, 53, 60–72.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
28.Hrbek, A., Karlberg, P., Kjellmer, I., Olsson, T., & Riha, M.Clinical applications of evoked electroencephalographic responses in newborn infants. I. Perinatal asphyxia. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 1977, 19, 34–44.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
29.Klimach, V. L., & Cooke, R. W. I.Maturation of the neonatal somatosensory evoked response in preterm infants. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 1988, 19, 208–14.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
30.Klimach, V. L., & Cooke, R. W. I.Short-latency cortical somatosensory evoked responses of preterm infants with ultrasound abnormality of the brain. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 1988, 30, 215–21.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
31.Lacey, D. J., Topper, W. H., Buckwald, S., Zorn, W. A., & Berger, P. E.Preterm and very low birth weight neonates: relationship of EEG to intracranial haemorrhage, perinatal complications and development outcome. Neurology, 1986, 34, 1084–87.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
32.Lary, S. A.Auditory brainstem responses in normal and abnormal preterm and fullterm infants. PhD thesis, University of London, 1987.Google Scholar
33.Mizrahi, E. M., & Kellaway, P.Characterization and classification of neonatal seizures. Neurology, 1987, 37, 1837–44.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
34.Perlman, J. M., McMenamin, J. B., & Volpe, J. J.Fluctuating cerebral blood-flow velocity in respiratory-distress syndrome. New England Journal of Medicine, 1983, 309, 204–09.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
35.Perlman, J. M., Goodman, S., Kreusser, K. L., & Volpe, J. J.Reduction in intraventricular hemorrhage by elimination of fluctuating cerebral blood-flow velocity in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome. New England Journal of Medicine, 1985, 312,1353–57.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
36.Pettigrew, A. G., Edwards, D. A., & Henderson-Smart, D. J.Screening for auditory dysfunction in high risk neonates. Early Human Development, 1986, 14, 109–20.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
37.Sarnat, H. B., & Sarnat, M. S.Neonatal encephalopathy following foetal distress. Archives of Neurology, 1976, 33, 696–705.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
38.Semmler, C. J., Lasky, R. E., Maravilla, A., Dowling, S., & Rosenfeld, C. R.Brainstem auditory evoked potentials in very-low-birth-weight neonates with intracranial haemorrhage. Early Human Development, 1986, 14, 9–17.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
39.Staudt, F., Scholl, M. L., Coen, R. W., & Bickford, R. W.Phenobarbital therapy in neonatal seizures and the prognostic value of the EEG. Neuropediatrics, 1982, 13, 24–33.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
40.Tharp, B. R., Cukier, F., & Monod, N.The prognostic value of the electroencephalogram in premature infants. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 1981, 51, 219–36.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
41.Touwen, B. C. L., Lok-Meijer, T. Y., Huisjes, H. J., & Olinga, A. A.The recovery rate of neurologically deviant newborns. Early Human Development, 1982, 7, 131–48.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
42.van Bel, F., van de Bor, M., Stijnen, T., Baan, J., & Ruys, J. H.Cerebral blood flow velocity pattern in healthy and asphyxiated newborns: a controlled study. European Journal of Pediatrics, 1987, 146, 461–67.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
43.van Bel, F., van de Bor, M., Stijnen, T., Baan, J., & Ruys, J. H.Aetiological role of cerebral blood-flow alterations in development and extension of peri-intraventricular haemorrhage. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 1987, 29, 601–14.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
44.Verma, U. L., Archbald, F., Tejani, N. A., & Handwerker, S. M.Cerebral function monitor in the neonate. I: Normal patterns. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 1984, 26, 154–61.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
45.Watanabe, K., Miyazaki, S., Hara, K., & Hakamada, A.Behavioural state cycles, background EEGs, and prognosis of newborns with perinatal hypoxia. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 1980, 49, 618–25.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
46.Watanabe, K., Hakamada, S., Kuroyanagi, M., Yamazaki, T., & Takeuchi, T.Electroencephalographic study of intraventricular hemorrhage in the preterm infant. Neuropediatrics, 1983, 14, 225–30.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
47.Wertheim, D. F. P., Connell, J., Brydon, J., Oozeer, R. C., & Dubowitz, V. A new computerized approach to the rapid analysis of the continuous EEG recording in the neonate(abstract). Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurology, 1988.Google Scholar
48.Werner, S. S., Stockard, J. E., & Bickford, R. G.Atlas of neonatal electroencephalography. New York: Raven Press, 1977.Google Scholar